446 



THE LICHEN-FLORA 



5. V. epigcea, (Pers.) pale-brown, grey or yellowislirgreen, mucoso- 

 gelatinous when moist, subleprose when dry, thin, Sub-effuse ; apothecia 

 black, immersed, globose or subampullasform, minute ; ostiolum 

 nearly flat, slightly dilated ; epithecium poriform ; perithecium 

 entire, upper portion thicker ; spores 8, colourless, irregularly obo- 

 vate or oblong or oblongo-ellipsoid, simple. 



On the earth, frequent. 1806. 



Syn : — Sphceria, Pers. Syn. Fung. App. 27. (1801.) Verrucaria, Ach. Meth. 

 123. L. U. 295. Syn. 96. Nyl. Scand. 276. Leight. Ang. Licb. 64. Mudd Man. 

 293. 



Fig :— E. Bot. t. 1681. Leight. Ang. Lich. t. 27. f . 4. 



Exs :— Fries 246. (fide Nyl.) Seh<er. 106. Anzi It. S. 379. 



Geog. Distmb :— Sweden, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Lapland, Italy, France. 



Bot. Pbov:— 2...4, 5.. .7, 8...11...19...23. 24...30. 



England :— Norwich. Rev. C B. Leathes. (1806.) Sussex! Mr. Bower. Hay 

 Coppice ! Herefordshire. Rev. T. Salwey. Twycross ! Leicestershire. Bev. A. 

 Bloxam. Teesdale, Durham. Rev. J. Harriman. Northumberland and Durham. 

 Mr. Winch, near Cirencester. Mr. W. Joshua. 



Ibeland : — Belfast. Mr. Tcmpleton. Killiney near Dublin. Dr. Taylor, near 

 Bantry. Miss Sutchins. Boss, co. Clare. Mr. Carroll.. 



Wales :— Dolgelley. Dr. Holl. 



" Spores .004 to .005 in. long, by .0015 in. broad." (Mudd.) " Spores .020— 

 27 mm. long, .007— .011 mm, broad." {JVyl.) Spores .022— .025 mm. long, 

 085— .010 mm. broad. 



** Thallus continuous, smooth. 



6. V. Dufourei, D.C. grey or smoky-brownish-grey, thin, tartar- 

 eous, continuous/ smooth, determinate ; apothecia black, and more 

 or less polished, numerous, scattered or confluent, hemispherical, 

 prominent, truncate ; epithecium large, depressed, open or umbilicate ; 

 perithecium dimidiate, much incurved, inner tunic very thin, black ; 

 paraphyses none ; spores 8, colourless, oblong, simple ; gelatina 

 hymenea red with iodine. 



On calcareous rocks, frequent. 1830. 



Syn :— D.C. Fl. Fr. 2. 318. (1805.) Leight. Ang. Lich. 76. Mndd Man. 290. V. 

 concirma, Borr. E. B. Suppl. 2623. Leight. Ang. Lich. 50. 



Fig :— E. Bot. Suppl. t. 2623. f. 1. Leight. Ang. Lich. t. 22. f. 3. 



Exs :— M. & N. 953. Schaer. 101. Anzi It. S. 378. Anzi Venet. 152. Mass. 212 



Geog. Distrib : — France, Switzerland, Pyrenees, Italy, Hungary. 



Bot. Peov :— 2...5...7...10, 11, 12.. .19.. .30. 



England : — Durnam. Mr. Bobertson. (1830.) near Eglestone ! Durham ; 

 Sussex Downs ! Mr. Borrer. Maze Beck ! Westmoreland ! Mr. Bobertson. 

 Cullercoats, Cumberland. Mr. Lisle, Helks Wood, Ingleborough, Dr. Carring- 

 ton. Hartlepool, Durham. Mr. Mudd. Bexley Common, Gloucestershire. Mr. 

 Joshua. 



Ireland : — Kerry. Dr. Taylor. Glenarm and White Park, co. Antrim. Dr. 

 Moore, Kenmare. Kerry ; Middleton, near Cork. Mr. Carroll. Lough Derryclare ! 

 Mr. Larbalestier. 



Wales : — Eglwyseg rocks ! near Llangollen. 



" Spores .003 to .0045 in. long, by .00125— .002 in broad." {Mudd.) Spores 

 .017— .019 mm. long, .0085 mm. broad. 



7. V. margacea, Whlnb. olive-brown or cinereo-fuscescent, crusta- 

 ceous, sub-membranaceous,thin, smooth,sovaewha.tshimng,cantinuous 

 or sub-rimulose, effuse or determinate ; apothecia concolorous, covered 

 by, and immersed in thalline elevations, the minute black apices or 

 ostiola only visible ; epithecium poriform ; perithecium black, dimi- 

 diate ; paraphyses none ; spores 8, colourless, ellipsoid or oblong, 

 simple, large ; gelatina hymenea vinous-red with iodine. 



