OF GREAT BRITAIN. 485 



Syn :— Whlnb. Fl. Sueo. 871. pr. p. (1824.) Nyl. Scand. 269. Ewlomrpon 

 lithinum, and fissvm, Leight. Ang. 19. & 20. Verrucarin fissa, TayL. Fl. Hib. 2. 

 95. 



Fig :— Leight. Ang. Lich. t. 6. f. 1. 2. 3. 



Exs :— Leight. 98. Zw. 105. 27. bis. Hepp 103. Anzi Langob. 234. 



Geog. Distrib ;— Germany, Italy, Hungary, Europe, Pyrenees, Scandi- 

 navia, Himalaya, N. America. 



Bot. Prov :— 7.. .11.. .15. ..19.. .30. 



England :— High Force, Teesdale ! Durham. Rev. J. Bamman. 



Scotland : — Ben Lawers. Adm. Jones. Ben-y-gloe ; Craig Tullooh, Rev. J. 

 M. CramMe. 



Ireland : — Near Ardglass, co. Down. Br .Maingay. Carig ! Kerry. Dr. 

 Taylor. Sunday's Well Weirs, Cork. Mr. Carroll. 



Wales : — Rocky bed of river Dee at Llangollen ! Denbighshire. Trefriw 

 falls ! 



"Spores .045-55 mm. long, .018—22 mm. broad." {Nyl.) Spores .033— .048 

 mm. long, .014 — .018 mm. broad. 



111. V. clopima, Whlnb. olivaceo-fuscescent, tartareous, thicMsh, 

 verrucoso-areolate, areolce tumid, diffuse ; apotkecia immersed in the 

 thalline verruose ; peritheciuin dimidiate, black ; epithecium um- 

 bilicato-depressed ; paraphyses none ; spores 2, fuscous, lineari- 

 oblong, murali-locular, lai'ge. 



On rocks in rivers, not common. 1875. 



Syn:— Whlnb. Suppl. 19. (1803.) Nyl. Scand. 269. 



Fig :— Hepp Sporen t. 12. f. 101. 



Exs :— Zw. 313. 27. Hepp 101. Anzi It. S. 397. Eabh. 938. Fries 415. fide 

 Nyl. 



Geog. Distrib : — Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden. 



Bot. Pkov :— 26. 



Ireland :— Dawros river ! Galway. Mr. LarbaUstier. (1875.) 



"Spores .032— 48 mm. long, .012— 23 mm. broad." (Nyl.) Spores .041— .053 

 mm. long, .018 — .021 mm. broad. Gelatina hymenea I reddish-blue. 



112. V. subumbrina, Nyl. pale-dusky-brown, thin, subfurfura- 

 'ceous, effuse ; apotkecia scattered, surrounded at the base by the 



encircling thallus ; ostiolum black, convex ; epithecium a conspicuous 

 pore ; perithecium dimidiate, black, inner tunic pale-brownish ; 

 paraphyses none, filamenta ostiolaria slender ; spores 6, fuscous, 

 broadly-oblong, muralilocular, very large ; gelatina hymenea I 

 vinous-red. 



On stones in mountain torrents, very rare. 1864. 



Syn :— Nyl. Scand. 269. 



Geog. Distrib :— Norway. 



Bot. Prov:— 15 ..22.. .26. 



Scotland :— Ben Lawers. Adm, Jones. (1864.) Gorchlochan, shores of Perth 

 or Inverness. Mr. Larbalestier. 



Ireland : — Near Kylemore co. Galway ! Mr. Larbalestier. Tonlagee, co. 

 Wicklow. Mr. Archer. 



"Spores .046— 55 mm. long, .023— 24 mm. broad." {Nyl.) Spores .052 mm. 

 long, .029 mm. broad. This approaches V. hymenea, Wallr. (Anzi Catal. p. 

 111. Anzi Langob. 243 !) in general characters, size and colour of the spores, 

 but differs in the number of the spores. 



113. V. scotinospora, Nyl. whitish, scarcely any, or evanescent ; 

 apothecia large, prominent, sessile, convexo-conical, black ; epitlie- 

 cium large, conspicuous, umbilicato-depressed ; perithecium dimidiate, 

 very thick, nearly entire, inner tunic black ; paraphyses none ; 

 spores 8, fuscous, oblong, murali-locular, cells irregular, moderate ; 

 gelatina hymenea vinous-red with iodine. 



On alpine micaceo-schistose rocks, very rare. 1860. 



