XIV tontenU. 



PAOB 



possessed by the males alone — Orthoptera, musical instruments 

 ot'tlie mHles, mucli diversified in structure; pugnacity; colouiB — 

 Neuioptera sexual differences in colour — Hymenoptera, pug- 

 nacity and colours — Coleoptera, colours ; furnished with great 

 horns, ap-jiareutly as an ornament; battles; stridulating organs 

 g ;iierally ooaimor. to both sexes . . • • 271 



CHAPTER XI. 



Insects, continued. — Order Lepidopteba. 



(botteeflies and moths.) 



C mrtship of butterilies — Battles — Ticking noise — Colours pommnn 

 to both sexes, or mure brilliiint in the mnles — Examples — Not 

 due to the direct action of the conditions of life — Colours 

 adapted for prolectiou — Colours of moths — Display — Perceptive 

 powers of the Lepitloptera — Variability — Causes of the difference 

 in colour between the males and females — Mimicry, female 

 bntterflies more brilliantly coloured than the males — Briglit 

 colours of caterpillars — Summary and concluding remarks on 

 the secondary sexual characters of insects — Birds and insects 

 compared ........ 3(17 



CHAPTEK XII. 



Seoondaky Sexual Characters or Fishes, Amphibians, and 

 Reptiles. 



Fishes: Courtship and battles of the males — Larger size of the 

 females — Males, bright colours and ornamental appendages; 

 other strange characters — Colours and appemiages acquired by 

 the males during the breeding-season alone — Pishes with both 

 sexes brilliantly coloured^Protective colours — The less con- 

 spicuous colours of the female cannot be accounted for on the 

 principle of protection — Male fishes building nests, and taking 

 charge of the ova and young. Amphibians: Differences in 

 structure and colour between the sexes — Vocal organs. Rep- 

 tiles: Chelonians — Crocodiles — Snakes, colours m some cases 

 protective — Lizards, battles of — Ornamental appendages — 

 Strange differences in structure between the sexes — Colours — 

 Sexual differences almost as great as with birds . . 330 



(!KAPTER XIII. 



Secondary Sexual Characters of Birds. 



Sexual differences — Law of battle — Special weapons — Vocnl 

 organs — Instrumental music — Love-antics and dances — Deoo- 

 liitio-is, permanent and seasonal — Double and single annuiil 

 moults — Display of ornaments bj the mules , , 35g 



