Contents. 



PAoa 

 ttee<l by animals — AbataK-tion, Self-consciousness — Laiigufige 

 — 8<'nse of beauty — Belief in God, spiiitual agencies, supei'- 

 Btitioue ... ..... 65 



CHAPTER IV. 



COMPAKISON OF THE MeNTAL PoWEKS OF MAN AND THE LoWEH 



Animals — continued. 



riie mnriil sense — Fundamental proposition — Tlie qualities of 

 social animals — Origin of sociability — Struggle between opposed 

 instincts — Man a social animal — The more enduring social in- 

 stincts conquer other less persistent instincts — The social virtues 

 alone regarded by savages — The self-regarding virtues acquired 

 at a later stage of development — The importance of the judg- 

 ment of the members of the same conjinunity on conduct — 

 Transmission of moral tendencies — Summary . . 97 



CHAPTER V. 



On the Development ot the Intellectual ano Mobal 

 Faoclties DuitixG Peimeval and Civilised Times. 



Advancement of the intellectual powers through natural selec- 

 tion — Imporlanoe of imitation — Social and moral faculties — 

 Their development within the limits of the same tribe — Natural 

 selection as afiVcting civilised nations — Evidence that civiliatd 

 nations were once barbarous ..... 127 



CHAPTER VI. 



On the Affinities and Genealogy of Man. 



Posit'on of man in the animal series — The natural system genea- 

 logical — Adaptive characters of slight value — Various small 

 points of resemblance between man and the Quadrumana — 

 Rank of man in tiie natural system — Birthplace and antiquity 

 of man — Abaeuce of fossil connecting-links — Lower stages in 

 the genealogy of man, as inferred, ittrstly from liis affinities and 

 secondly from his structure — Early androgj'nous condition of 

 the Vertebrata — Conclusion ..... 14tJ 



CHAPTER VII. 



On the Races of Man. 



The nature and value of specific characters — Applicntion to t]ie 

 races of man — Arguments in favour of, and opposed to, ranking 



the so-called races of man as distinct species — Sub-species 



Monogcnists and polygenists-- Convergence of character — 



