70 The Descent of Man. Part 1 



The love of a dog for his master is notorious; as an old 

 writer quaintly says,' " A dog is the only thing on this earth 

 " that luvs you more than he luvs himself." 



In the agony of death a dog has been known to caress 

 bis master, and every one has heard of the dog suffering 

 under vivisection, who licked the hand of the operator; this 

 Dian, unless the operation was fully justified by an increase 

 of our knowledge, or unless he had a heart of stone, must have 

 felt ren\orse to the last hour of his life. 



As Whewell '" has well asked, " who that reads the touching 

 " instances of maternal affection, related so often of the women of 

 " all nations, and of the females of all animals, can doubt that the 

 " principle of action is the same in the two cases ? " We see mater- 

 nal affection exhibited in the most trifling details ; thus Eengger 

 observed an American monkey (a Cebus) carefully driving away 

 the flies which plagued her infant; and Duvaucel saw a 

 Hylobates washing the faces of her young ones in a stream. So 

 intense is the grief of female monkeys for the loss of their 

 young, that it invariably caused the death of certain kinds kept 

 under confinement by Brehm in N. Africa. Orphan monkeys 

 were always adopted and carefully guarded by the other monkeys, 

 both males and females. Oue female baboon had so capacious 

 a heart that slie not only adopted young monkeys of other 

 species, but stole young dogs and cats, which she continually 

 carried about. Her kindness, however, did not go so far as to 

 share her food with her adopted offspring, at which Brehm was 

 surprised, as his monkeys always divided everything quite 

 fairly with their own young ones. An adopted kitten scratched 

 this affectionate baboon, who certainly had a fine intellect, for 

 she was much astonished at being scratched, and immediately 

 examined the kitten's feet, and without more ado bit off the 

 claws.'"' In the Zoological Gardens, I heard from the keeper 

 that an old baboon (C cliacma) had adopted a Rhesus monkey; 

 but when a young drill and mandrill were placed in the cage, 

 she seemed to perceive that these monkeys, though distinct 

 species, were her nearer relatives, for she at once rejected the 

 Rhesus and adopted both of them. The young Rhesus, as I saw, 

 was greatly discontented at being thus rejected, and it would, 

 (ike a naughty child, annoy and attack the young drill and mandrill 



* Quoted by Dr. Lauder Lindsay, 72), disputes the possibility of this 



n his ' l^hysiology of Min.'l in tile act as described by Brehm, for the 



Lower Animals ;'' Journal of Mental sake of discrediting my worlt. 



Science,* April 1871, p. 38. Therefore 1 tried, and found that 1 



^" *Bridgewat£r Treatise,* p. -63. could readily seize with my own 



*^ A critic, without any grounds teeth the sliarp little claws of a 



('Quarterly Review,* July 1871, p. kitten neai'ly iive weeks old. 



