Chap. XIX. Man — Sexual Differences. 557 



Man is more courageous, pugnacious and energetic than 

 woman, and has a more inventive genius. His brain is abso- 

 lutely larger, but whether or not proportionately to his larger 

 body, has not, I believe, been fully ascertained. In ■woman the 

 face is rounder ; the jaws and the base of the skull smaller ; the 

 outlines of the body rounder, in parts more prominent ; and her 

 pelvis is broader than in man;* but this latter character may 

 perhaps be considered rather as a primary than a secondary 

 sexual character. She comes to maturity at an earlier age than 

 man. 



As with animals of all classes, so with man, the distinctive 

 characters of the male sex are not fully developed until lie is 

 nearly mature; and if emasculated they never appear. The 

 beard, for instance, is a secondary sexual character, and male 

 children are beardless, though at an early age they have abun- 

 dant hair on the head. It is probably due to the rather late 

 appearance in life of the successive variations whereby man has 

 acquired his masculine characters, that they are transmitted to 

 the male sex alone. Male and female children resemble each 

 other closely, like the young of so many other animals in 

 which the adult sexes diifer widely ; they likewise resemble the 

 mature female much more closely than the mature male. The 

 female, however, ultimately assumes certain distinctive cha- 

 racters, and in the formation of her skull, is said to be inter- 

 mediate between the child and the man. * Again, as the young of 

 closely allied though distinct species do not differ nearly so much 

 from each other as do the adults, so it is with the children of the 

 different races of man. Some have even maintained that race- 

 differences cannot be detected in the infantile skuli.* In regard 

 to colour, the new-born negro child is reddish nut-brown, which 

 soon becomes slaty-grey; the black colour being fully developed 

 witliin a year in the Soudan, but not until three years in Egypt. 

 The eyes of the negro are at first blue, and the hair chesnut- 

 brown rather than black, being curled only at the ends. The 

 children of the Australians immediately after birth are yellowish- 

 brown, and become dark at a later age. Those of the Guaranys 

 of Paraguay are whitish-yellow, but they acquire in the course 

 of a few weeks the yellowish-brown tint of their parents. 

 Similar observations have been made in other parts of America." 



' Ecker, translation in 'Anthro- 355; Vogt, ' Lectures on Man,' Eag, 



pological Review,' Oct. 1868, pp. 351- translat, p. 81. 



356. The comparison of tlie form ' Schaaifliausen, ' Antliropolog. 



of the skull in men and women has Review,' ibid. p. 429. 



Doen followed out with much care * Pruner-Bey, on negro infants 



oy Wclckcr, as quoted by Vogt, ' Lectures uu 



' Ecker and Welcker, ibid. p. 352, Mnn,' Eng. tr.'insliit. 180+. p. 18f): 



