78 THE SHELTERWOOD METHOD 



to young trees may be anticipated than where reproduction 

 takes place on clearings. 



4. While inferior to selection in the maintenance of aesthetic 

 effects shelterwood is superior to aU other high forest methods 

 producing evenaged stands. This is particularly noticeable 

 during the period of regeneration, when forests treated under 

 the clearcutting and seed tree methods do not present an 

 attractive appearance. 



5. Since shelterwood is the only high forest method pro- 

 ducing evenaged stands, which furnishes shade and shelter to 

 seedlings, it is the best method to use with species which can 

 be reproduced naturally only under such conditions and for 

 which evenaged stands are desired. 



6. The period of regeneration in each stand being confined 

 to a small portion of the rotation permits use of the area for 

 grazing during the remainder of the rotation. 



Disadvantages. — i. Shelterwood cannot be applied when 

 there is great danger from windthvow or breakage since many 

 trees stand isolated during the regeneration period. The 

 danger may be minimized by several preparatory cuttings 

 designed to develop windfiiyi individuals The inherent abil- 

 ity of the species to withstand windthrow and breakage as 

 well as the relative exposure of the site to strong winds deter- 

 mine the importance of this disadvantage. With a species 

 easily injured by wind or on much exposed sites some other 

 method besides shelterwood should be employed. If the 

 method can be applied intensively with numerous cuttings 

 following one another at short intervals considerable windfall 

 need not interfere with its successful application. The dam- 

 aged trees are salvaged at each cutting. Should injury by 

 wind affect a large portion of the old stand at any one time 

 the results might be serious. 



2. Shelterwood for intensive application demands economic 



