STANDARD CROWN CLASSES 



ISS 



Standard Crown Classes 

 Dominant. — Trees with crowns extending above the gen- 

 eral level of the forest canopy and receiving full light from 

 above and partly from the side; larger than the average trees 



D= Dominant trees. C-D = Co-Dominant trees. I=Intennediate trees. 

 Op = Oppressed trees. S = Suppressed trees. 



Fig. s8. 

 Illustrates the relative position of trees of the different crown classes. 



Fig. sg. 

 Illustrates the passing of trees from the dominant down to the suppressed 

 crown class with advancing age, as a result of the struggle for existence. The 

 letters indicate the crown classes of the trees. 



