APPENDIX 315 



High forest. A forest originating from seed. 

 S3T1.: timber forest. 



G., Hochwald; Samenwald. F., futaie, haute futaie. 

 Hole method. See under Forest planting. 



Hold-over. A tree reserved from harvest to grow through a second rota- 

 tion. See Reserve. 



G., Ueberhalter. F., reserve. 

 Humus, n. That portion of the forest floor (5. v) in which decomposition 

 of the litter is so far advanced that its original form is not distinguish- 

 able. Humus in a condition favorable to forest growth is said to be 

 mild, neutral, or sweet. Humus harmful to forest growth, owing to the 

 presence of humic or similar acids or colloids produced by decomposi- 

 tion under excess of moisture and lack of air, is said to be sour. Humus 

 incompletely decomposed is called raw humus. 

 G. and F., Humus. 

 Hypsometer. An instrument for measuring heights, especially of trees. 

 Improvement felling. See under Intermediate cuttings. 

 Income. In forest finance, the gross income represents money returns 

 from which no expenses have been deducted; net income results by 

 deducting all actual expenses charged in book accotmt, including 

 interest on borrowed capital, but not the calculated interest on invest- 

 ment, which enters in determining profit. 



G., Geldertrag, Einkiinfe, Erlos. F., revenu. 

 G., Rohertrag, Rohgeldertrag, Brut to Geldertrag, Erlos im Ganzen, 

 Gesamtgeldein nahmen. 

 Final income, returns from final harvest. 

 G., Haubarkeitsertrag, Abtriebsertrag. 

 Intermediate income, returns from stands not yet mature. 

 G., Nebennutzungs:, Zwischennutzungs-, Vornutzungs-ertrag, -gel- 

 dertrag. 

 Income rotation. See Rotation. 

 Income table. See Yield table. 

 Increment. Syn.: accretion. 



The increase in diameter, sectional, basal area, height, volume, 



quality or value of a tree or stand. If distinction between the two 



terms is desired, accretion should be reserved for directly measurable, 



increment for calculated increases. 



Increment is differentiated with reference to time as current annual 



