54 DAIRY TECHNOLOGY 



in some thirty cities in this country. Many of these are 

 supported by private philanthropy, others by a city board 

 of health or board of charities. In all cases they are 

 under the supervision of persons quahfied to attend to 

 the bacterial, chemical and sanitary condition of the 

 milk. The milk of various depots is certified, pasteurized 

 or modified, and in several cases two of these classes of 

 milk are supplied from the same depot. The milk is 

 commonly put up in bottles containing but one feeding, 

 which bottles are so designed that they cannot stand on 

 end and, therefore, cannot be left standing open. Milk 

 of widely different formulas is put up at these depots; 

 the following is taken as an example: 



Milk ounces, 64 



Limewater „ 4 



Milk sugar „ 6 



Filtered water „ 60 



The infants, in the care of New York City authorities 

 were fed on milk from carefully selected herds. The 

 death rate among these infants, for the years 1895 to 1897 

 inclusive, was 41.8 per cent. Early in 1898, a pasteurizing 

 plant was installed. No other change in hygiene or diet 

 was made, but the death rate dropped to 19.8 in 1898 

 and averaged 21.75 fo^' the succeeding six years. 



Investigations of the cause of the high death rate among 

 infants and young children have revealed, in numerous 

 instances, that the number of deaths among children 

 bears a direct relation to the quality of the milk consumed. 

 Money spent to improve the milk supply buys and saves 

 the lives of many infants. It is cheaper for even the 

 poorest people to pay a higher price for a high-grade milk 

 than to buy an unsanitary product for a cent or two less 

 per quart. 



