CHAPTER X. 



THE CITY MILK PLANT. 



The large milk plant of a great city requires extensive 

 equipment and a large building, and hence calls for con- 

 siderable capital as well as knowledge of the dairy business. 



The milk is practically all received by rail, so that it 

 is subjected to more possibilities of contamination than 

 that of the village milk dealer. Generally the milk 

 passes through the hands of at least three different persons 

 or companies — the farmer or producer, the transportation 

 company and the city milk company. 



Transportation. — Milk may be transported from the 

 place of production to the market by steam or electric 

 roads, boats or wagons. 



In practically all small cities, the wagon carries most of 

 the milk from the farm to the consumer. And even in some 

 very large cities this mode of transportation is employed 

 to a great extent. We find that in Washington, D. C; 

 Detroit, Mich.; San Francisco, Cal., and St. Louis, Mo., 

 about half of the milk supply of the city comes in on wagons; 

 while in Milwaukee, Wis.; Cincinnati, Ohio, and New 

 Orleans, La., wagons bring about three-fourths of the milk. 

 But in the larger cities, such as New York, Chicago and 

 Philadelphia, about nine-tenths of the milk is brought in 

 by steam and electric cars. 



Most of the milk that is shipped less than loo miles is 

 carried in baggage or express cars attached to local pas- 

 senger trains. But for greater distances special refrigerator 



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