32 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 
jointed antenna, the last joint not enlarged or clavate. They 
seldom; if ever, have wings. In addition to the common bed- 
bug, there are species infesting pigeons (C. columbarius 
Jenyns) ; swallows (C. hirundinis J.) ; and bats (C. pepistrella 
J.). It is doubtful, however, whether all these be not identical 
with the common species. At any rate, it appears that the 
common bed-bug will attach itself to bats and various birds, 
when opportunities occur. 
The Bed-Bug, (Cimex lectularius Linn.). Figure 28. 
This species has long been notorious. It was mentioned 
by Pliny, Aristophanes, Aristotle, Dioscorides, and other an- 
vient writers. Yet English writers have argued that it was 
first carried to that country from America, and thence to 
the continent of Europe. Moffitt mentions it, however, as 
having been seen in England as early as 1503, though it does 
not appear to have been common there until a century later. 
Its early English name was “ wall louse’”’; the term “ bug” 
was applied to it much later, its original meaning having been 
nearly synonymous with ‘ bug-bear.” 
At the present day this insect is sufficiently common 
throughout the civilized world, if not among the barbarians 
also. Its form and general appearance are well shown in Fig- 
ure 28, which represents it considerably larger than ordinary 
specimens. Its size varies greatly, however, according to its. 
locality and the amount of blood it has been able to imbibe. 
Its color, when young, is pale yellowish, the blood in the in- 
testine showing through; as it grows older it becomes darker, 
until, when full grown, it is reddish brown, the color being 
darker when filled with blood. The eyes are small and bright 
red; the proboscis is much like that of the ordinary blood- 
sucking Hemiptera, which prey on other insects; the labium 
forms a three-jointed sheath or tube, the middle joint being 
broadest, the last one sharply pointed; the labrum is broader 
than the basal joint, which it overlaps. According to Dr. 
Packard, the internal structure is as follows: “ The mandibles 
and maxillx arise near each other, in the middle of the head, 
opposite the eyes, their bases slightly diverging. Thence they. 
converge to the mouth, over which they meet, and beyond are 
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