108 HIVES AND BOXES. 
At the end of one of these short pieces, cut two entrances, 
in the same manner as heretofore directed. The whole 
width of the piece should be cut away, except */, in. in 
the center. Two cleats are needed, 15 in. long, 1'/, in. 
square, and two others, the same length, 1’/,x’/, in. 
Rabbet one corner of each of the last two ‘/, in. each 
way, to hold a ventilator. Put the pieces together as in- 
dicated in fig. 34, and nail to the cleats, placing the two 
larger ones at the ends, and the others at the sides of the 
opening for the ventilator, which may be made as hither- 
to described. 
On the upper surface of this bottom-board, */, in. from 
the rear cdge, a groove one inch wide and */,, in. deep, 
should be cut with a 
dado head, or plane. 
Over the front edge of 
this groove naila strip 
of 1-in. hoop iron, 
projecting ’/,, of an 
inch over it, using 
1’/,-in. clout nails. 
The hook on the 
lower end of the frame hooks under this, and supports 
the frame in an upright position. A piece of inch hoop 
iron should be nailed across the front, ’/, in. from the 
edge, upon which the frames may rest, and under which 
the bees are to pass (fig. 34). Upon this bottom-board, 
the desired number of frames may be set close together 
(there being no space between the frames at the ends), a 
panel placed at each side, and a strong cord tied around 
all. Place a panel upon the top, and you have a com- 
plete hive. 
Fig. 84.—sMALL BOTTOM BOARD. 
OUTER CASE NOT ALWAYS ESSENTIAL. 
I have fully demonstrated in my practice, that for box- 
ing both side and top, the standing frames may be used 
