238 MARKETING HONEY. 
the lower tier of -cases being racked during transporta- 
tion. Therefore, let all cases be not only neatly, but sub- 
stantially made. At the proper place in each end, as 
shown in figs. 95 and 96, a handle should be made by the 
use of a wabble saw. A top and bottom, and four strips 
1’/, inch wide and */, or */, inch thickness, according to 
the size of the case, constitute the remaining material. 
This makes a neat, convenient, and attractive case. 
. TRANSPORTATION, 
When circumstances will permit, I prefer shipping 
honey by boat, yet I have transported it largely and safely 
in an ordinary railroad freight car. This manner of ship- 
ping is very commonly practised, large quantities coming 
in this way from California to New York in good con- 
dition. Care must be exercised to pack it properly in the 
car. Select as clean a car as possible, and place upon the 
bottom about two inches of dry sawdust, or straw. Place 
some straw, or bags of sawdust, against the ends of the 
car, and crowd the first tier of cases firmly against it, 
with the ends of the cases to the end of the car, asin this 
position the combs are less liable to be broken by sudden 
stops and starts. Avoid putting too many in a pile, so as 
not to strain the lower cases. Pack the tiers firmly to- 
gether, and leave no chance for displacement. If the car 
is not full, and packing is not put in at both ends, pieces 
of board should be nailed across the car, about 6 inches 
from the last tier of cases, and the space between the 
boards and the cases packed with straw or bags of saw- 
dust, the same as at the end. Small quantities may be 
shipped safely by express. 
PREPARING EXTRACTED HONEY FOR MARKET. 
-I am confident that the market for extracted honey 
will gradually improve as customers become convinced 
