250 WINTERING. 
for the purpose. Many recommend a house built above 
ground with walls of several thicknesses, well packed, 
and dead-air spaces between. Mr. R. Bacon, of Verona, 
N. Y., uses such a house, and pronounces it a success. 
The best one of the kind that I ever saw was built by 
Captain Hetherington, and it seemed as well adapted to 
the purpose as could be wished; yet Mr. Hetherington 
has discarded it as a failure, and adopted the system of 
“clamps,” which J am about to describe. 
CLAMPS. 
Those who have read Mr. Langstroth’s work on the 
Honey Bee have doubtless been much interested in an 
article by the Rev. Mr. Scholtz, translated from the 
“Bienen Zeitung,” by Mr. Wagner, which describes a 
system of wintering in clamps. This method of Mr. 
Scholtz’s has led to an improved clamp or bee-house, 
partly underground, which is proving an admirable suc- 
cess. This is really but an improved form of the old 
method of burying bees. Mr. Hibbard, of Auburn, N. 
Y., modified the Scholtz clamp by erecting a permanent 
framework for the sides, but with a temporary roof or 
covering. In 1873, P. H. Elwood, of Starkville, N. Y., 
prepared a clamp, over which he arranged a permanent 
roof, and built a door for convenience in entering the 
apartment. The bottom and sides were covered with 
hydraulic cement. Clamps similar to this are now used 
by many of the leading bee-keepers of New York State, 
with the best results. 
Captain Hetherington, after making some changes, 
and furnishing facilities for artificial heat and a most 
thorough system of ventilation, has adopted this system 
of wintering in his extensive apiaries. He has three very 
fine double clamps, one of which is represented in figure 
100. A clamp of this form is built by first making an ex- 
