WINTERING. 251 
cavation in a dry knoll, or side-hill, to the depth of about 
three feet. If the number of bees only demand a single 
clamp, the door may be placed at the end; but if a double 
clamp with two rooms is needed, the door should be at 
the center of one side, opening into the ante-room for the 
stove, between the two apartments. This idea of warm- 
ing clamps with a stove is original with Captain Hether- 
ington. A wall should be laid in hydraulic cement 
around the sides of this three-foot excavation, upon which 
plates should be laid to support the rafters. These 
Fig. 100.—pouBLE CLAMP. 
should be sufficiently heavy to sustain the superincum- 
bent weight. The roof should be quite steep. Slats 
about three inches wide are nailed over the entire sur- 
face of the rafters, about oné-fourth of an inch apart. 
Over these straw is spread to keep the earth from falling 
through before it becomes packed. The ends should be 
walled or banked to the peak of the roof, and the. entire 
top covered with at least twelve inches of dry earth. A 
good roof should be put over all to keep it perfectly dry. 
In the thick side wall, double doors should be: built, 
containing an air space. Similar doors should be made 
to the rooms inside. The stove is to be set up in the 
small ante-room, and fresh air brought to it through 
tubes, and warmed when needful. Openings from the 
stove-room to the bee-rooms should be made at the top 
