342 GLOSSARY. 



0-yo-Yi-vip'A-BOtrB (Lat. ovimt, egg ; mvm, alive ; pario, I pro :Iuoe). Ap- 

 plied to animals whioli retain their eggs within the body until they are 

 hatched. 



O'ttjm (Lat. for an eg^). The germ produced within the ovary, and capable 

 tmder certain conditions of bemg developed into a new individual. 



Paoh-t-der'ma-ta (Gr.pachus, thick; derma, skin). An old Mammalian 

 order constituted by Cuvier for the reception of the Ehinoceros, Hippopota- 

 mus, Elephant, etc. 



Pa-l^-on-tol'o-qy {Qt. palaioi, ancient; onta, beings; and logos, discourse). 

 The science of fossil remains or of extmot organized beings. 



PA-i,i:-o-zo'io (Gr. palaios, ancient ; and zo'e, life). Applied to the oldest of 

 the great geological epochs. 



Pal'li-al. 



Pal-li-o-eean-ohi-a'ta (hsA. pallium ; and Gr. hragchia, ^1s). An old name 

 for the Brachiopoda, founded upon the belief that the system of tubes in 

 the mantle constituted the gills. 



Pal'h-um (Lat. pallium, a cloak). The mantle of the Mollusca. JPoillial : 

 relating to the mantle. PaUial line or impression : the line left in the dead 

 shell by the muscular margin of the mantle. PalUal shell : a shell which 

 is secreted by, or contained within, the mantle, such as the " bone " of the 

 Cuttle-fishes. 



-Pal'pi (Lat. palpo, I touch). Processes supposed to be organs of touch, de- 

 veloped from certain of the oral appendages in Insects, Spiders, and Crus- 

 tacea, and from the sides of the mouth in the Acephalous Molluscs. 



Pa-pil'la (Lat. for nipple). A minute soft prominence. 



Pab-a-po'di-a (Gr. para, beside ; podes, feet). The unarticulated lateral loco- 

 motive processes or "foot-tubercles" of many of the Annelida. 



Pa-ei'e-tal (Lat. paries, a wall). Connected with the walls of a cavity or of 

 the body. 



PA-Bi-E-TO-spLANon'mo (Lat. paries; Gr. splagchrm, viscera). Applied to 

 one of the nervous ganglia of the Mollusca, which supplies the walls of the 

 body and the viscera. 



Par-then-o-geh'e-sis (Gr. partTienos, a virgin ; and gen^is, production). 

 Strictly speaking, confined to the production of new individuals from virgin 

 females by means of ova without the intervention of a male. Sometimes 

 used also to designate a sexual reproduction by gemmation or fission. 



Pat-a-gi'um (Lat. for the border of a dress). Applied to the expansion of the 

 integument by which Bats, Flying Squirrels, and other ammals support 

 themselves in the air. 



Pa-tel'la (Lat. for the knee-cap or knee^an). A sesamoid bone devel- 

 oped in the tendon of insertion of the great extensor muscles of the thigh. 



Peo'ti-nate (Lat. pecten, a comb). Comb-like ; applied to the gills of certain 

 Gasteropods, hence called Pectinihranchiata. 



Peo'to-eal (Lat. pectus, chest). Connected with, or placed upon, the chest. 



Pe'dal (Lat. pes, the foot). Connected with the root of Mollusca. 



Ped-i-oel-la si-iE (Lat. pedicellus, a louse). Certain singular appendages 

 found in many Echinoderms, attached to the surface of the body, and re- 

 sembling a little beak or forceps supported on a stalk. 



Ped'i-cle (Lat. dimin. oipes, the foot). A little stem. 



Ped-i-pal'pi (Lat. pes, foot ; and palpo, I feel). An order of Araohnida 

 comprising the Scorpions, etc. 



Pe-dun'ole v,Lat. pedunculus, a stem or stalk). In a restricted sense applied 

 to the muscular process by which certain Brachiopods are attached, and to 

 the stem which bears the body (capitulmn) in Barnacles. 



PE-Dnu'ou-iATB. Possessing a peduncle. 



Pe-ddn'ou-la-tbd. 



Pe-lao'io (Qx. pelagos, sea). Inhabiting the open ocean. 



Pel'vis (Lat. for basin). Applied, from analogy, to the basal portion of the 

 cup l^calyx) of Crinotds. The body arch wiui which the hmd-limbs are 

 connected in Vertebrates. 



