SYNOPSIS. ix 
The true lilies have a longitudinal nectariferous furrow at the base of each 
petal or perianth piece, an undivided style, a capitate stigma, and flat seeds. 
The colour of the flowers is white, yellow, or red. ps 18. 
TROPHOLUM, from tropaion, a trophy. N.O., Tropeolacee. 
Linn£an: 8, Octandria; 1, Monogynia, p. V7. 
PHLOX, from phior, a flame, in allusion to the splendour of the 
flowers. N.O., Polemoniacee, Linnman: 5, Pentandria; 1, Monogynia.— 
The order represented by Polemonium consists, for the most part, of herbaceous 
plants with alternate leaves, regular flowers which have a five-cleft calyx, 
and a five-lobed corolla consisting of one piece as in the primulas. The 
stamens are five in number, inserted alternately with the lobes of the corolla; 
ovary three-celled, fruit a capsule. There is not much to be said of this 
order, as it has no important place in the arts, and it is restricted in its forms 
and geographical distribution. It is more largely represented in the new 
than in the old world, and the majority of its members are found in tem- 
perate climates, a few of the smaller kinds giving a glow of colour to alpine 
and sub-arctic scenery. As garden plants, many of them are of great im- 
portance, as not only the phlox, but the gilia, ipomopsis, cobeea, leptosiphon, 
and the lovely cantua are members of the order. pe als 
MICHAELMAS DAISY.—See under “ Aster.” p. 25. 
SINGLE FUCHSIA.—See under ‘ Fuchsia.” p. 29. 
CHRISTMAS ROSE, or HELLEBORUS. The familiar 
name needs no explanation. Helleborus is from the Greek /elein, to kill, 
and dora, food, implying a poisonous plant, which this certainly is. N.O., 
Ranunculaceae, Linnman: 13, Polyandria; 6, Polygynia.—See under 
29 
‘«* Aconitum.” p. 33. 
LAVENDER, from Latin /avo, to wash. N.O. Lamiacce, or Labi- 
ate, LINNmAN: 14, Didynamia; 1, Gymnospermia.—The labiate order is 
marked with strong characters, and constitutes a distinct though extremely 
large group. The members of it are mostly herbs and low shrubs with square 
stems, opposite leaves, and aromatic juices; the flowers are singularly formed; 
the calyx is bell-shaped with five teeth: the corolla tubular, irregular, two- 
lipped, the upper one very short and sometimes wanting; stamens four ; 
ovary four-lobed ; stigma two-cleft; fruit composed of four one-seeded nuts 
enclosed in the interior of the permanent calyx. <A large proportion of the 
most useful aromatic herbs belong to this order, such as sage, thyme, mar- 
joram, mint, betony, ground ivy, &e. About 1,714 species are known, of 
which over 1,000 belong to the eastern hemisphere. The temperate and 
warm temperate parts of the earth are largely occupied with labiates ; there 
are but few in the Equinoctial regions, and still fewer are Arctic. p. 37. 
