CHANNEL ISLANDS FLORA. 193 



Allium triquetrum L. (S.W. Em-ope) is abundant in the hedges 

 in Guernsey, and is spreading in Jersey. 



Silene quinquevulnera L. (a southern variety of S. gallica) is 

 locally plentiful in Jersey and Guernsey. 



Soabiosa maritima L. (S. Europe) is well established in Jersey. 



Centaurea panioulata L. (S. Europe) covers a small area in St. 

 Oueu's Bay, Jersey, to the exclusion of everything el^. 



A very interesting Guernsey alien is Gunnera soabra Buiz. & 

 Pav., a gigantic Chilian plant. 



Erigeron mucronatuni DC. (Mexico) is well estabhshed on old 

 walls in Guernsey. 



Centranthus ruber DC. grows in enormous masses on the slopes 

 of Fort Eegent in Jersey, and is common elsewhere both in Jersey 

 and Guernsey. 



Gnaphalium undulatum L. (S. Africa) is common in dry, rocky 

 places in the south-west of Jersey. 



(Enothera odorata Jacq. (Patagonia) is abundant in sandy places 

 in some parts of Jersey and Guernsey. 



Portulaca oleracea L. (Europe) is a common garden weed in St. 

 Helier's. 



The number of Casuals is also very large. Much seed is 

 imported every year from the Continent into Jersey, and the 

 great, bare, semi-cultivated stretch of sand in St. Ouen's Bay, 

 where the crops are not thick enough to stifie the weeds, often 

 provides a congenial home for introduced species for a year or 

 two. I have included in the Flora those plants of the occurrence 

 of which I had tolerably conclusive evidence, but there must have 

 been many more, and every year one or two fresh species are 

 discovered. 



VI. Extinctions. 



The progress of cultivation has had its inevitable effect upon 

 the flora of these small Islands. In Jersey in particular, consider- 

 able salt marshes have been drained and cultivated. In a meadow 

 near Samares, to which a trench had been opened for the purpose 

 of laying a drain, and which looked on the surface like an ordinary, 

 natural field, I came upon the foUovvdng interesting geological 

 section, (o) An excellent thick turf. (6) A few inches of very good 

 soil, (c) About six inches of broken crockery and glass. It was 



