10 
or account of the removal of the import duty of 2 cents per 
pound +o $1.00 per case, which opened the market for Euro- 
pean products. The war orders of the U. S. Government and 
the allied nations, however, turned the disastrous slump into a 
great boom and the exports rose to tremendous proportions. 
Exports from and imports into the United States of condensed 
milk were as follows for individual years: 
Exports Imports 
Pounds Pounds 
TOU 2) cs ces eee 20,642,738 698,176 
1914...... enn 16,209,082 14,599,339 
19 TCs esacoatese 159,577,620 18,174,505 
BOD Rs ccccteve sane 259,102,213 18,375,698 
TOUS acc cccearncys 529,750,082 j= = .see- 
1919 e.cmse aac 728,740,509 = = = ..acee 
These figures may suffice to show the tremendous expansion of 
the condensed milk and milk powder industries in the United 
States. 
The United States can also boast of a condensed goats’ 
milk factory located at King City, California, evaporating and 
sterilizing the milk from a herd of over 3000 goats. It is 
probably the only factory of its kind in the world. The pro- 
duct is sold in drug stores. 
In Canada the condensed milk industry dates from 1883, 
when the first factory was established at Truro, N.S., by the 
Reindeer Condensed Milk Company. During the eighties and 
nineties several new plants were erected by this and by the 
St. Charles Company, chiefly locating in the best dairy 
districts of southwestern Ontario. Most of these were 
later absorbed by the Borden’s Milk Company. A number of 
new plarts have been added, during the past twenty years, and 
especiaily since the beginning of the war. To-day there are 
some twenty factories in Canada. This includes some plants 
which merely concentrate milk or skim-milk in bulk to be used 
in the ice cream, confectionery and chocolate business. The 
important plants putting out canned milks are those operated 
by the Borden Company (Ingersoll, Norwich and Tillsonburg, 
Ont.; Huntingdon, Que.; Truro, N.S., and Sardis, B.C.), the 
Carnation Milk Company (Aylmer and Springfield, Ont., for- 
merly Dominion Canners), and the Nestle’s Food Company — 
(Chesterville, Ont.) Plants of individual companies, some of 
