SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION. 
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TWENTY-SIX ORDERS. 
The foregoing twenty-four Classes were subdivided into twenty-six Orders, accord- 
ing to the number of pistils or distinct stigmata, as far as the twelfth order, inclusive; 
and above that the differences were founded on other peculiarities. It is not to be under- 
stood that each Class had twenty-six subdivisions known as Orders, but that this distribu- 
tion formed a basis for thus distinguishing as many Orders as might be found by actual 
observation. The Class twelve or thirteen, for instance, might be comprehensive enough 
to give scope for the elaborate subdivision into twenty-six Orders, while most others 
would seldom reach beyond five, and many might have only one, two or three. “The 
orders were as follows: 
1. Monogynia, with one pistil. 17. Monogamia, having some florets with stamens 
2. Digynia, with two pistils. and others with pistils. 
3. Trigynia, with three pistils. 18. Polygamia equalis, all florets having stamens 
4. Tetragynia, with four pistils. and pistils. 
5. Pentagynia, with five pistils. 19. Polygamia segregata, each floret having a sepa- 
6. Hexagynia, with six pistils. * rate calyx. : 
7. Heptagynia, with seven pistils. 20. Moneecia, having stamens and pistils on sepa- 
8. Octogynia, with eight pistils. ‘rate flowers of the same plant. 
g. Enneagynia, with nine pistils. 21. Diccia, having stamens and pistils on two 
10. Decagynia, with ten pistils. plants. 
11. Dodecagynia, with twelve pistils. 22. Tricecia, having stamens and pistils on three 
12. Polygynia, with many pistils. plants. - 
13. Gymnospermia, with naked seeds. 23. Filices, Ferns. 
14. Angiospermia, with covered seeds. 24. Musci, Mosses. 
15. Siliquosa, with seeds in siliques, or long pods. 25. Hepatice, Liverworts. 
16. Siliculosa, with seeds in silicles, or short pods. 26. Algez and Fungi, Seaweeds, Lichens, Funguses. 
. 
NATURAL ORDERS OF LINNAZUS. 
No one was more sensible of the need of a natural classification of plants than the 
distinguished author of this artificial system, who declared that a method of classification, 
based on the true intrinsic differences of plants, was “the first and last desideratum in 
botany;” and he accordingly busied himself in arranging such a method, leaving as his 
contribution in that direction the following fifty-eight families: 
1. Palme — Palms. 11. Sarmentaceze — Runner-bearing, as the Straw- 
2. Piperite — Arums. berry. 
3. Calamariz — Sedges. 12. Holoracee — Whole-rooted, as the Goosefoot. 
4. Graminez — Grasses. 13. Succulentee — Succulent, as the Purslane. 
5. Tripetaloideze — Rushes. 14. Gruinales— Crane-bill, as the Geranium. 
6. Ensatee — Sword-leaved, as the Iris. 15. Inundate — Pond-weeds, as the Potomageton. 
7. Orchidez — Orchids. 16. Calyciflore— Where the calyx-tube encloses 
8. Scitaminez — Dainty plants, as the Banana. the ovary, as the Oleaster. 
g. Spathacez — Sheathed, as the Narcissus. 17. Calycanthemz — With the stamens inserted in h 
10. Coronaria — Crown-bearing, as the Lily Family. the throat of the calyx, as the Melastomas. ( 
415 ae 
ry 
FR he. 
