160 



POPULAR FLOKA. 



4. Saksapakilla a. Poots very long and slender, horizontal (used as a substitute for sarsaparilla); 

 the compound long-stalked leaf, and the naked flower-stalk bearing few umbels, rising separately 

 from the ground. Moist woods. A. nudicaulis. 



Ginseng. Aralia, § Ginseng. 

 Styles 2 or 3. Flowers white. Berries red or reddish when ripe. Low herbs with simple stems, 

 bearing at the top a whorl of leaves and one long-stalked umbel. 



1. True Gixseng. Root long and large, warm-aromatic ; leaflets 5. Bich woods, N. A. guinquefolia. 



2. DwAKF G. (or Grouhdnut). Root round, sharp-tasted; leaflets 3 or 5; stem 4' to 6' high. Damp 



woods, N. Fl. spring. A. trifblia. 



45. CORNEL FAMILY. Order COENACE^. 

 Shrubs or trees (except our Dwarf Cornel), the calyx coherent with the ovary, which 

 makes a berry-like stone-fruit; represented (except 

 by the Tupelo or Pepperidge-teke, Nyssa, here 

 omitted) only by the genus 



1. Cornel (or Dogwood). Comus. 

 Petals 4 and stamens 4, on the ovary. Teeth of the calyx 



4, very small. Style 1. Ovary 2-celled, in fruit berry-like 



with a 2-seeded stone. Leaves entire, opposite, except in 



No. 7. Flowers in spring or early summer. 



* Flowers ^greenish, in a head, which is surrounded by a 

 4-leaved involucre resembling a large white corolla ; 

 fruit bright red. 



1. Dwarf Cornel (or Bcncheekky). Herb low, with 4 

 or 6 leaves near the top. Damp woods. C. Canadensis. 



i: Flowering C. or Dogwood. Tree ; leaves of the co- 

 rolla-like involucre obcordate. C.jiorida. 

 * *■ Flowers white, in flat and open cymes: shrubs 



.5. Round-leaved C. Branches greenish, warty-dotted ; 

 leaves round-oval, woolly beneath ; fruit pale blue. 

 Woods. C. circinata. 



4. Silky G. Branches purple ; young stalks and lower 



side of the ovate or oblong leaves silky woolly ; fruit 

 pale blue. Swamps. C sericea. 



5. Red-Osier C. Branches red-purple; leaves ovate, smooth, white and roughish beneath; fruit 



white. "Wet banks of streams. C. stolonifera. 



B. Panicled C. Branches gray ; leaves lance-ovate ; cymes convex; fruit white. C. paniculMa. 



7. Alternate-leaved C. Branches greenish streaked with white; leaves crowded at the ends of 



the shoots, but alternate; leaves pointed; fruit bright blue. Hill-sides. C. aUernifdlia. 



385. Dwarf Cornel. 386. A separnte flover 

 enlargerl. 387 A fruit cut across. 



