166 



POPULAR FLORA. 



there are five chaflfy and pointed scales (Fig. 409). But more commonly the pappus con- 

 sists of bristles, or downy hairs (as its name denotes). Asters, Groundsels, and especially 



Thistles, afFord most familiar examples of such a 

 hairy or downy pappus ; those of Thistles, &c. 

 in autumn sailing about in every breeze. Fig. 

 411 shows the very soft downy pappus of Sow- 

 Thistle. Fig. 410, that of the Dandelion ; this is 

 raised upon a long beak to the akene, which 

 lengthens greatly after flowering. 



This family contains about an eighth or tenth 

 part of all Flowering plants. But it is too diffi- 

 404. Half of a heaii of flowers of Coreopsis. cult for the beginneu. So we here barely men- 



tion a few of the common plants which belong to it. 



935. Slice of llie same, enlrirged, with one ray-flower, and part of another, and one perfect dislt-flower (re) , with its bract or chaff (6). 



1. Among those which have no rays, or strap-shaped coroUas, are Thistles, Burdock, 

 Everlasting and Cudweed, Wormwood, Thorougliwort or 

 Eupatorium, Bullon-Snakeroot, and Ironweed. 



2. With rays or strap-shaped corollas at the margin 

 (either neutral or pistillate), and tubular flowers in the 

 centre ; Coltsfoot, Aster, Fleahane, Daisij, Golden-rod, 

 Sunflower, Coreopsis, Mayweed, Chamomile, ^c. 



3. With all the flowers strap-shaped and perfect (and 



407 408 409 410 411 



in this division the plants have a milky juice) : Cichory or Succory (Fig. 402), Salsify, 

 Hawkweed, Sow-thistle, Dandelion, and Lettuce. 



