20 DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND ADJACENT §JNU8ES 



Where glanders is suspected the complement-fixation, mal- 

 lein, agglutination, precipitin or guinea pig tests may be 

 applied. (See Glanders.) 



Treatment. — The treatment of chronic nasal catarrh is 

 largely surgical (trephining sinuses, extraction of diseased 

 teeth, removal of tumor, etc.). At any rate it is governed 

 by the primary disease which the discharge accompanies. 

 The local treatment of the nose by irrigation or inhalation 

 is of little value except in purely primary cases and then it 

 must be persisted in for weeks before permanent healing is 

 affected. The following combination may be tried: 



^ — Tannoformi Svj 



Mentholi . . 5ss 



Alcohol (50 per cent.) Oj 



Aqua dest Oss 



M. D. S. — Apply as a nasal douche. 



Croupous Rhinitis. — ^Definition. — ^An inflammation of the 

 mucous membrane of the nasal chamber with the formation 

 of pseudomembrane. 



Occurrence. — Seen in the horse and ox. Enzootics have 

 been noted in the horse. 



Etiology. — It is attributed to the inhaling of irritant gases 

 and smoke. It is undoubtedly due in many cases to micro- 

 organisms. It may follow suppurative mastitis or metritis 

 in the mare and cow, and may be secondary to malignant 

 head catarrh, purpura hemorrhagica, and strangles. 



Symptoms. — ^An intense inflammation of the mucous 

 membrane which is deep red and greatly swollen. Patches 

 of gray or yellow red fibrinous membranes form. The 

 false membrane sloughs off in a few days leaving behind 

 raw bleeding surfaces which soon heal without scar. There 

 is a free discharge, which may be blood-streaked and contain- 

 ing shreds of croupous membrane. The submaxillary 

 lymph glands and vessels are swollen and sensitive. There 

 may be nasal dyspnea. Temperature is elevated. 



Course. — Usually ends in healing in about one week. 



Treatment. — It is recommended to touch the affected 

 parts with hydrogen dioxid, full strength, to each 2 ounces 



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