CHAPTER II. 

 DISEASES OF THE PHARYNX. 



PHARYNGITIS. 



Sore-throat. Angina Simplex. 



Definition. — An inilammation of the pharyngeal structures 

 which usually involves the soft palate and tonsils. Pharyn- 

 gitis is frequently associated with laryngitis, and may 

 appear as a primary or a secondary disease. 



Occurrence. — ^Horses and swine are the principal victims. 

 Cattle and sheep are seldom attacked. When due to infec- 

 tion pharyngitis often occurs as an enzootic. The disorder is 

 most common in the spring and fall when weather changes 

 are sudden and frequent. 



Etiology. — Primary pharyngitis. As in stomatitis, pharyn- 

 gitis may be due to direct injury to the pharynx from foreign 

 bodies or chemical substances (strong medicines, poisonous 

 plants, chloroform, etc.), or the giving of hot drenches. 

 Refrigeration is a common predisposing cause. Infection 

 with streptococci or the necrosis bacillus and other bacteria 

 commonly produce it. In rare instances it may be due to 

 parasites (gastrus larvae). 



Secondary pharyngitis may be due to a spread of stomatitis, 

 rhinitis or laryngitis to the pharyngeal mucosa or it may be 

 a symptom of many of the specific infectious diseases such 

 as strangles, influenza, purpura hemorrhagica, hemorrhagic 

 septicemia, hog-cholera, anthi'ax, etc. In the horse sup- 

 purative pharyngitis with peri- or parapharyngeal abscess 

 formation is usually a symptom of strangles. 



Forms. — From a pathological standpoint the following 

 forms of pharyngitis are distinguished: (a) The catarrhal, 

 which is the mildest form, [b] The suppurative, which 



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