120 DISEASES OF THE STOMACH AND BOWELS 



duce colic. In exceptional cases in colts they may induce trau- 

 matic gastritis or, by perforating the stomach wall, peritonitis. 



Treatment. — ^Through the use of purges alone intestinal 

 worms cannot always be removed. The most valuable 

 agent for their removal in horses is tartar emetic (3ij to 

 5ss) daily, given in drinking water two or three times. 

 Besides arecanut (3iij)> arsenic (grs. xv-xxx in form of boli), 

 santonin (giiss) and turpentine oil (Biss-giij) may be used. 

 For gastrus larvae in the stomach bisulphid of carbon 

 (giiss) given at night in capsules, four capsules given one 

 hour apart. Follow with linseed oil (Oj). 



Flatulent Colic. — In some cases of simple impaction or in 

 impaction complicated with displacement an abnormal 

 fermentation of the bowel contents results. The gas (CO2, 

 CH4, H, air) formed leads to a distention of the abdominal 

 wall. It is more rarely due to "wind sucking." 



Symptoms. — ^The symptoms are those of simple or compli- 

 cated impaction with great distention of the abdominal wall, 

 and from compression of the diaphragm, severe dyspnea. 



Treatment. — ^The treatment consists in using the trocar 

 either through the side (cecum) or more rarely through the 

 rectum. If the stomach is bloated the stomach-tube should 

 be used. 



GASTRO-ENTERITIS. 



Inflammation of the Stomach and Bowels. 



Definition. — Gastro-enteritis is a symptom rather than a 

 disea,-ie. It is a collective term covering all conditions which 

 directly or indirectly induce serious inflammations of the walls 

 of the gastro-intestinal tract. From catarrh pathologically 

 it varies only in degree ; clinically it differs in the intensity of 

 the symptoms and in the usual fatal termination. 



Occurrence. — Gastro-enteritis is common in all animals, 

 occurring as either a primary or a secondary disorder. 



Forms. — From a pathological standpoint, croupous, diph- 

 theritic, hemorrhagic, purtilent, and phlegmonous forms are 

 distinguished; from a topographic, duodenitis, ileitis, typhli- 

 tis, colitis, and proctitis, depending upon the part of the bowel 



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