128 DISEASES OF THE STOMACH AND BOWELS 



Pearson's creolin (Bj to ij), therapogen (gij to iv), etc. In 

 weakness and collapse give alcohol (5ij), ether (Bij), caffein 

 (3ij), oil of camphor (B j) subcutaneously. For remainder of 

 treatment see Simple Gastro-enteritis and Pharyngitis. 



When patient begins to improve and eat it should be placed 

 on a light, laxative diet. If able to stand in them, support 

 with slings. 



Toxic Gastro-enteritis. — Toxic gastro-enteritis is an inflam- 

 mation of the stomach and bowels due to the ingestion of 

 poisons, such as arsenic, mercury or any irritant drug or chem- 

 ical. The symptoms and treatment of this form of gastro- 

 enteritis are best given in books on toxicology which deal 

 with poisons, their effects and antidotes. 



DISEASES OF THE STOMACH OF THE OX. 



General Remarks. — The first three compartments of the 

 stomach are in a sense dilatations of the esophagus and 

 serve to store up and further prepare food for its reception 

 in the abomasum where true gastric digestion takes place. 

 The rumen is a receptacle for. food which the animal has 

 rather hastily prehended, only partially masticated, mixed 

 somewhat with saliva, and swallowed. The function of 

 the reticulum is not clearly understood. Normally it 

 contains little solid food and is commonly a receptacle for 

 foreign bodies. The omasum is a "chewing stomach" 

 where solid matter is still further crushed and pulverized 

 before it reaches the abomasum. Rumination consists' in 

 the contents of the paunch becoming regurgitated through 

 the esophagus into the mouth where they are thoroughly 

 masticated, mixed with saliva and reswallowed. Obviously 

 all solid matter is not necessarily ruminated; a portion of it, 

 at least, once it reaches the rumen, does not return to the 

 mouth. Ruminating animals fed liquid foods do not chew 

 the cud. Cud chewing is therefore only employed when 

 necessary, i. e., when the food is not adequately ground, 

 pulverized and thoroughly mixed with saliva in order to 

 be more effectively acted upon by gastric and intestinal 

 digestion. 



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