SCURVY— SCORBUTUS 193 



Prognosis. — ^The prognosis is bad. 



Treatment. — In man iron, arsenic, iodin, and the a;-ray are 

 used to prolong life. 



HYDREMIA. 



Definition. — ^Hydremia is a condition in which the propor- 

 tion of the serum to the corpuscles of the blood is excessive. 

 In cattle and sheep a severe anemia occurs with which is 

 associated a general hydremia leading to edema of the skin 

 (anasarca), accumulation of transudate in the abdominal 

 cavity (ascites), thoracic cavity (hydrothorax) and heart sac 

 (hydropericardium) . 



Etiology. — ^The causes are chronic diseases of organs, which 

 are usually due to parasites (liver flukes or lung and stomach 

 worms), or from the feeding of foods containing too much 

 water such as slop, the offal of distilleries, beet sugar factories, 

 etc. A hydremia due to high altitude occurs among cattle 

 in the mountainous west (Colorado). The principal symp- 

 toms of this disorder- are heart palpitation, weak pulse, loss 

 of flesh, languor, and edematous swellings particularly under 

 the sternum. Locally the condition is known as "brisket 

 disease." Removing the cattle to lower altitudes usually 

 brings about a speedy recovery. 



HEMOPHILIA. 



Deiinition. — ^Hemophilia is a marked arid abnormal ten- 

 dency in some individuals to bleeding or hemorrhage. Some- 

 times the slightest wound will bleed so profusely as to become 

 serious. The condition is usually hereditary. 



Etiology. — ^The causes are not known. The condition is 

 rare in animals. 



SCURVY. SCORBUTUS. 



Definition. — Sciu-vy is a disease resembling purpiu-a, rare 

 in animals although occasionally seen in dogs. It is char- 

 acterized by a tendency to bleed from the gums and to 

 hemorrhage in various organs of the body. In animals the 

 disease is probably infectious. In man scurvy is most often 

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