HYDRONEPHROSIS— CYSTIC KIDNEY 227 



origin. It is quite often fatal in horses, especially when 

 traumatic. 



Symptoms. — ^The symptoms are hematuria, blood-tube 

 casts in the urine and general anemia. 



AMYLOID KIDNEY. 



Amyloid kidney is usually associated with chronic suppu- 

 rative conditions such as are seen in strangles, liver abscesses, 

 etc. It is of no clinical importance in veterinary medicine. 



Symptoms. — ^The symptoms are very vague (anemia, 

 cachexia, albuminuria without tube casts). 



KDDNEY TUMORS. 



The kidneys are the seat of several kinds of tumors, such 

 as sarcoma, carcinoma, adenoma, melanoma, etc. They 

 can rarely be diagnosed clinically. Occasionally they may be 

 palpated through the rectum. If kidney tumors produce 

 symptoms they are hematuria, uremia, emaciation and inter- 

 mittent lameness from compression and thrombosis of the 

 posterior aorta. 



Treatment. — Treatment is of no use except in dogs, where 

 occasionally nephrectomy is practised. 



HYDRONEPHROSIS. CYSTIC KIDNEY. 



Etiology. — This condition is found frequently in edible 

 animals. Cystic kidney is usually due to kidney stones, 

 especially in sheep, where 80 per cent, of the cases are due to 

 this cause. In the hog it is said to result from a congenital 

 defect in the opening of the ureters, which are placed too 

 low at their point of entrance into the bladder, periodically 

 preventing the urine from escaping. 



Symptoms. — Cystic kidney rarely produces symptoms 

 during life, although very rarely a kidney may become so 

 enlarged as to distend the abdomen in swine. Occasionally 

 in horses and cattle the condition may be palpated per 

 rectiun. 



Treatment, — ^Treatment is unavailing. 



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