DISEASES OF NEWBORN ANIMALS 339 



(6) In acute cases the navel is usually swollen and firm and 

 the navel ring is open. Piu-ulent or putrid exudate may be 

 pressed out. Quite frequently an abscess forms in the 

 abdominal wall. The imibilical vein and one or both imibil- 

 ical arteries are distended at intervals or throughout their 

 whole length. On palpation they feel firm or fluctuating. 

 When opened a dirty red, often fetid, exudate flows out. The 

 inner surface of the bloodvessels may be covered with a 

 fibrinous coagulum and is sometimes ulcerous. The infection 

 may involve the peritoneum, leading to an adhesive peritoni- 

 tis, causing adhesions among the abdominal organs. The 

 portal vein and its branches show thrombi extending into the 

 liver. 



Metastatic abscesses especially of the lungs, liver and 

 lymph glands are not infrequent. Occasionally there may be 

 present pleuritis and pericarditis. A fibrinous or suppurative 

 panophthalmia is not rare. The afl^ected joints, especially 

 the tarsal and carpal, show suppurative arthritis. The peri- 

 articular connective tissue is infiltrated with either a sero- 

 fibrinous or seropurulent exudate; periarticular abscesses are 

 not uncommon. A communication between the abscess and 

 the diseased joint cavity is not unusual. The adjacent ten- 

 don sheaths may also be involved. 



(c) Chronic Cases. — ^The changes here are frequently in the 

 lungs, such as bronchopneimionia, with fibrinous or sero- 

 fibrinous pleuritis, and pericarditis. In the later stages case- 

 ous foci are found in the lungs. The mediastinal and peri- 

 bronchial lymph glands are often enlarged and caseated. The 

 cadaver is emaciated and shows symptoms of general anemia 

 and cachexia. 



Symptoms. — ^In pyosepticemia of sucklings the disease may 

 appear clinically as a general septicemia, an affection of the 

 joints or of the navel, and may be complicated with metastatic 

 changes in internal organs (lungs, liver, kidneys, mesenteric 

 glands, brain, etc.). The clinical picture will, therefore, vary. 

 In calves the disease is often less acute than in colts and is less 

 apt to involve the articulations. Both local and general 

 symptoms are observed, the local often being noticed first." 

 Three clinical forms of the disease are recognized: 



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