HOO-CHOLERA— SWINE FEVER 357 



1. Drugs to increase coagulability of the blood: 



(a) Calcium chlorid with gelatin (gss thrice daily) 



via mouth or rectum. 

 (6) Turpentine (gj thrice daily) in pint of milk. 

 (c) Adrenalin (1 pro mille, dose 5iv). 



2. Intestinal disinfectants : 



(a) Calomel (grs. xx thrice daily). 

 (6) Ichthyol in form of sodium sulpho-ichthj^olate 

 (Siiss thrice daily). 



3. Other treatments : 



(a) Intratracheal injections of Lugol's solution (gj 



intratracheal). 

 (6) Collargol intravenous (gj of a 1.5 per cent, solu- 

 tion in water thrice daily). 

 Tonic powders assist during convalescence, as artificial 

 Carlsbad salts to which some powdered nux vomica is added. 



HOG-CHOLERA. SWINE FEVER. 



Definition. — Hog-cholera is a contagio-infectious disease due 

 to a filtrable virus. It assumes a variety of forms, but 

 primarily is a septicemia with secondary pneumonia, and 

 diphtheritic gastro-enteritis. Clinically, acute and chronic 

 types are distinguished. 



Occurrence. — ^The disease is widespread, occurring in all 

 countries. It is especiaUy prevalent in the great corn-belt of 

 the United States in which hog-raising is extensively devel- 

 oped. The first recorded outbreak of hog-cholera occurred 

 in 1833 in Ohio, into which state it was probably introduced 

 with imported hogs or bacon from Europe. Following closely 

 in the wake of the development of transportation facilities, 

 especially railways, it spread from the Middle West to all 

 parts of the country, especially toward the West, where the 

 breeding of swine had become a profitable industry. The losses 

 from cholera are enormous, reaching as high as $200,000,000 

 (45,000,000 hogs infected) in 1888 and averaging close to 

 $50,000,000 annually. The farmers of the corn-belt naturally 

 suffer the brunt of damage wrought by the disease. Like 

 most infectious diseases assuming an epizootic form the out- 



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