INFECTIOUS VESICULAR STOMATITIS 387 



difPerent stages coexisting, which is not true of foot-and- 

 mouth disease. Furthermore, the feet are rarely attacked 

 in infectious vesicular stomatitis. Calves rarely take the 

 disease other than in a mild form while in foot-and-mouth 

 disease they are often seriously and fatally attacked. Infec- 

 tious vesicular stomatitis does not spread through a herd and 

 community as rapidly as foot-and-mouth disease nor is the 

 percentage of animals attacked in a given herd as high. 

 Filtering the vesicular contents in foot-and-mouth disease 

 does not reduce their virulency while in infectious vesicular 

 stomatitis it does. The passage of the virus of infectious 

 vesicular stomatitis through a series of calves attenuates its 

 virulency; in foot-and-mouth disease the opposite is true. 



(b) Mycotic Stomatitis. — ^This disease occurs, usually fol- 

 lowing a drought, among cattle on pasture in the late summer 

 or early fall. It does not run a regular course, and rarely 

 infects more than 10 to 15 per cent, of the herd. It tends to 

 produce croupous membranes rather than a vesicular eruption 

 in the mucous membrane of the mouth, and attacks the feet. 

 It does not spread to horses and gives negative results when 

 inoculated into calves. 



(c) Necrotic Stomatitis. — ^This disease affects pigs and sheep 

 as well as cattle and calves and is much more infectious 

 than infectious vesicular stomatitis. It leads to a necrosis of 

 the mucous membrane with a formation of yellowish, cheesy 

 patches involving the mucous membrane particularly of the 

 cheeks and tongue. 



(d) Contagious Pustular Stomatitis. — ^This disease is con- 

 fined to horses and is characterized by the formation of 

 nodules which turn to pustules and ulcers involving usually 

 only the tip and borders of the tongue, lips, gums and cheeks. 



Treatment. — ^The treatment of infectious vesicular stomati- 

 tis consists in separating the diseased from the healthy and 

 completely isolating the former. Gentle animals may be 

 treated medicinally by placing on the tongue twice daily 

 borax (i tablespoonful) or sjTinging out the mouth with 

 permanganate of potash (1 per cent.). Animals which cannot 

 be handled may be given borax (2 tablespoonfuls), potassiurd 

 chlorate (1 tablespoonful) dissolved in a bucket of water 



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