456 CHRONIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 



mild may recover spontaneously. As a rule, where bone is 

 not involved and the location of the lesion permits of opera- 

 tion, surgical intervention produces a cure; or if taken early 

 and the lesion internal (tongue, pharynx) or external, healing 

 is possible through the use of iodin. 



Treatment. — Superficial actinomycomas are treated sur- 

 gically by extirpation and subsequent cauterization or tinc- 

 ture of iodin applied to the wound. Bone enlargements are 

 usually incurable. Tongue and throat lesions and inoper- 

 able actinomycomas are successfully treated with iodin in 

 the form of iodid of potash. This is administered in doses 

 of 2| drams per day for each 1000 pounds animal. Each 

 dose of iodid of potash is dissolved in a pint of water and 

 given as a drench, repeated daily for ten days or two weeks 

 or until symptoms of iodism appear (discharge from nose 

 and eyes, peeling off of superficial layers of skin, loss of 

 appetite). The use of the drug is then discontinued until 

 all symptoms of iodism subside, when it may be again 

 administered. It usually requires from three to four weeks 

 to produce a cure. A few animals show no reaction to the 

 treatment. These had best be slaughtered. In addition it 

 is recommended to paint the tumors with tincture of iodin 

 or to inject into them Lugol's solution. With the iodin 

 treatment on the average about 75 per cent, of the cases 

 recover. 



GLANDERS. MALLEUS. 



Definition. — Glanders is a contagious, usually chronic, 

 infectious disease of horses, asses, and mules. It is char- 

 acterized by the formation of nodules which tend to degen- 

 erate and form ulcers in the mucous membranes, skin, and 

 internal organs, especially the lungs. The disease occasion- 

 ally attacks man and carnivorous animals. Sheep and goats 

 may be inoculated artificially. 



Occurrence. — Glanders is generally distributed throughout 

 the world. It is commonest in cities or on the ranges where 

 large numbers of horses are congregated together, giving it 

 greater opportunity for spread. In the United States it is 

 especially common in the larger cities, and has occurred on 



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