18 ' THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
refined, on the whole. The breed has an excellent repu- 
tation in its native country, where an association has 
been formed and a stud-book kept in the interest of the 
, breed. It has been imported in large numbers to America 
and has more largely than any other breed made up what 
is known as the French draft breed. 
The head of the Boulonnais is of good size, being broad 
in the forehead and with a larger eye than the Percheron, 
and somewhat more clean-cut about the lower part of the 
head. The neck is medium in length and clean-cut. The 
shoulders are laid well into the body and well-muscled. 
The body is compact and deep-ribbed, with short and 
broad back and well-muscled loins. The croup is in- 
clined to be short and with a low-set tail. The hind- 
quarters are muscular and broad with well-filled thighs. 
The legs and feet are free from superfluous hair and are 
possessed of excellent quality. Many Americans favor 
the feet of the Boulonnais in preference to those of any 
of the other French breeds. On the whole, the feet are 
larger, more rounded and the pasterns have more slope 
than the Percherons’. The colors are dapple gray, dark — 
iron-gray, black, brown and occasionally chestnut. 
This breed is growing in popularity in America, and its 
interests, together with other French draft breeds; are 
represented in the National French Draft Association 
of America, which publishes a stud-book. This Asso- 
ciation was first organized as the National Norman Horse. 
Association in 1876, but its title was changed to the one 
that it now bears in 1885. The Association thus far 
has published nine stud-books. The present headquarters 
of the Association are at Denver, Colorado. 
10. Ardennais.— This draft breed or stock is a 
native of Ardennais, adjoining the Belgian frontier in 
