CHAPTER VIII 
THE BEEF BREEDS OF CATTLE 
THESE are quite uniform in the degree to which they all 
conform to the beef type. They are low set, of parallelo- 
gram form from the side, as the effect of their straight and 
parallel top and under lines, with square ends, rectangular 
from any other view owing to their width throughout, 
thickly fleshed, easily fatted and possessed of quality 
yet great scale. In consequence they mature early, fatten 
readily, dress a high percentage of their live weight and 
carry the maximum weight of their dressed carcasses in 
the region of the most desirable cuts; 7.¢., rib, loin and 
round, which are of the highest quality. 
SHORTHORN CattLe. Plate VI. Fig. 35. 
By Herbert W. Mumford 
231. Shorthorn cattle are a breed possessing both beef 
and dairy types. Registered and grade cattle of this 
breed are more numerous than the cattle of any other beef 
breed. They originated in the valley of the Tees river, 
in northeastern England, and first became prized by 
farmers in the shires of Durham, Northumberland, Lin- 
coln and York. Largely from the localities in which 
they originated, Shorthorns were formerly called Tees- 
water cattle and Durhams. These names as _ referring 
to Shorthorns have now largely become obsolete. 
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