236 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
and as Buchan Humblies, and yet again as Polled Aber- 
deens. The word polled was used to indicate the hornless 
Aberdeenshire cattle and thus to distinguish them from 
another breed, now almost extinct, which inhabited the 
same shire and had horns. 
At a still later time the breeders of these hornless cattle 
in the various parts of northeastern Scotland came to- 
gether, and, deciding that the cattle were all of one breed, 
proceeded to choose a suitable name. To please the par- 
tisans of the two districts in which most of these cattle 
were then to be found, the name adopted was Polled 
Aberdeen-or-Angus cattle. This name became shortened 
by dropping out the word “or” and putting a hyphen 
in its place. 
It has been further abbreviated, because of the passing 
of the horned breed, to Aberdeen-Angus, the word polled 
being now deemed unnecessary. This idea has been 
adopted also by the Polled Galloway breeders, so that their 
breed is now known as Galloway cattle. Both in Scotland 
and America, even the name of Aberdeen-Angus has been 
shortened, and in Scotland the cattle are generally re- 
ferred to as the Polled cattle, while in America they are 
called the Angus cattle. 
These Aberdeen-Angus cattle have been great favorites 
in Scotland for more than a century, but unfortunately 
on two occasions diseases attacked the cattle in that 
country and decimated the herds. Later, when the 
government had stamped out these diseases, the cattle 
again began multiplying, and soon assumed an important 
place among the domestic animals of the kingdom. The 
World’s Fair held at Paris, France, in 1878, gave the breed 
an opportunity to demonstrate its great merit, and, with 
only fifteen representatives, it won the champion-herd 
