242 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
There are also several state organizations, as the Indiana, 
Iowa and Nebraska Aberdeen-Angus Breeders’ Associa- 
tions. These have memberships of seventy-five to one 
hundred and fifty persons, hold regular annual meetings, 
appropriate money for special prizes at the state fairs, 
and in other ways seek to promote the interests of the 
breed. 
Literature. — Aberdeen-Angus, The Breed that Beats the Record, 
Detroit (1886); James Macdonald and James Sinclair, History of 
Polled Aberdeen or Angus Cattle, Edinburgh (1882); A History of 
the Heatherton Herd, Chicago (1907). 
GauLoway CarTtrLe. Plate IX. Figs. 40, 41. 
By Charles Gray 
274. The Galloway is a breed of beef cattle which 
derives its name from the province of Galloway, Scotland. 
Galloway now embraces only the Stewartry of Kirkeud- 
bright and the shire of Wigton, the two southwest counties 
of Scotland, but formerly comprised the six counties lying 
south of the Firth of Forth. 
275. History in Scotland. — The origin of the Galloway 
cattle is lost in the mists of antiquity. When the Romans 
first visited Britain the country was covered with dense 
forests. In these forests the Romans found many wild 
cattle roaming at their will, and it is now conceded 
that they were the progenitors of our modern breed of 
Galloways. Cattle-breeding has been the principal busi- 
ness among Galloway farmers since earliest times of which 
we have record. A history of Scotland alluding to the 
time prior to and including the reign of Alexander III 
(1249) says: “ Black cattle were reared in great numbers 
