THE DAIRY BREEDS OF CATTLE 273 
milk with a high content of solids, especially butter-fat, 
as against the constitutional tendency, so often seen, to 
turn food into flesh. Even in the strongest dairy breeds 
there are more or less frequent outcrops in male and fe- 
male of the flesh-making temperament. To breed from 
such animals, while we are striving to establish a pre- 
potent dairy temperament or tendency, is not wise. All 
cattle bred specifically for dairy purposes should possess 
a clear and decided dairy temperament, for it is that 
quality of character 
we most desire to 
establish, enlarge and 
perpetuate in the 
Guernsey cow. 
“This is especially 
indicated by the shape 
of the head, showing 
brain capacity, wide 
muzzle, open nostril, 
full, bright eyes, fem- 
inine neck, and a construction of the backbone indicating 
a strong flow of nerve-power and support from the brain 
to all of the maternal organs. 
Constitution. — ‘‘In breeding our domestic animals, 
especially for long service like the dairy cow, it is very 
important that they should have abundant vital power, 
which we call ‘ constitution.’ But constitution must be 
judged and measured by the peculiar function the animal 
is bred to fulfill. With the race-horse the function is 
speed; with the steer, the laying on of flesh; with the 
dairy cow, the production of milk solids. In all these 
various functions, the animal that is to represent any one 
of them must show not only large capacity in the line of 
T 
Fia. 46.— Guernsey cow. 
