THE DAIRY BREEDS OF CATTLE 279 
and Friesland are lineal descendants of these ancient 
people, and the multitude of black and white cattle 
which they own are lineal descendants of the cattle owned 
by their ancestors. In North Holland at the present time 
there are some 80,000 head of pure-bred cattle of this 
breed, and in Friesland at least 125,000. They are found 
in other provinces of Netherlands to a limited extent. 
The lowland race of which this breed is the leading 
representative has been the prolific mother of other breeds 
in Europe. From it have sprung the East Friesian and 
Oldenberg breeds of Germany, the Jutland breed of Den- 
mark, the Kolmogorian breed of Russia, and the Fla- 
mande or Flemish breed of Belgium and northern France. 
These approach each other in color, but differ in other 
important characteristics. They have been produced 
largely by the effect of different environments, and are 
maintained in their purity, in the different localities, by 
well-established herd-books. According to the naturalist, 
Low, also, before the development of English dairy breeds 
Friesian cattle were imported into that country, and 
established especially in the district of Holderness on the 
north side of the Humber, whence they extended north- 
ward through the plains of Yorkshire. It is asserted that 
from the mixture of this Friesian breed with the native 
cattle finally sprang the improved Shorthorn. — Friesian 
cattle were also made the basis of the composite Rosen- 
stein breed, which was so greatly admired by Klippart, 
and described by him in his report to the Board of Agri- 
culture of Ohio in 1865. 
314. History in America. — It is probable that cattle of 
this breed were brought to America by the early Dutch 
settlers and that a few were imported late in the eighteenth 
and early in the nineteenth centuries. The Holland 
