THE DAIRY BREEDS OF CATTLE 291 
United States Consular Reports, 1887; Holstein Cattle, Dudley 
Miller; Die Rindviehzucht im In und Auslande, J. Hansen and 
A. Hermes, Leipzig, Carl Schmidt & Co., 2 volumes (1905); Friesch 
Rundvee Stamboek, 32 volumes, 1880-1906; The Holstein-Friesian 
Yearbook, 1901-1912, 12 volumes, F. L. Houghton; Western Hol- 
stein-Friesian Herd-book, 1 volume, 1895, Western Holstein-Friesian 
Association; The Holstein-Friesian Register, Brattleboro, Ver- 
mont, F. L. Houghton; The Holstein-Friesian World, Eastern and 
Western Editions alternating weekly, Lacona, New York and 
Madison, Wisconsin, the former edited by Hastings and Pres- 
cott, the latter by C. B. Brown and Son. 
AYRSHIRE CaTTLE. Plate X. Figs. 49, 50. 
By Harry Hayward 
322. The Ayrshire is one of the four principal breeds of 
dairy cattle in America. Their popularity is more 
recent than that of the three other breeds, but they 
are making rapid gains in favor. 
323. History in Scotland. — The Ayrshire did not have 
its origin in this country, but was brought from Scotland, 
its native home, in the early part of the last century. It 
takes its name from the county Ayr, although in its for- 
mative period it was known as the Dunlop and the Cun- 
ningham breed. 
From the descriptions of Ayr and the adjacent territory, 
given by Low, an English writer on agricultural matters, 
it may be inferred that agricultural conditions in that 
country, at the close of the Revolutionary War, were at 
alow ebb. ‘ There were no fallows, no sown grasses, no 
carts nor wagons and no straw yards; no roots were 
grown, very little straw and no hay, save the small amounts 
cut from the bogs and wastes. Under these conditions 
