296 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
Canadian or, more properly, the Scotch type. This type 
was represented solely by animals that conformed to the 
type generally held by every one but American breeders 
to be the correct one, and many individuals had been 
prize-winners at the important agricultural shows in 
Scotland. 
The New England cattle differed from those of Scotch 
type in that they were a little shorter in the leg, heavier 
bodied, and possessed better handling qualities. Their 
udders, while large and capacious, were hardly level and 
square, and in many cases were rather pendulous. The 
teats were of good size and length, and of a dark or tan 
color; the horns frequently were crumpled, and the colors 
were dark-brown or cherry-red, flecked with white. While 
these cattle possessed unquestioned dairy merits, they did 
not have the uniformity of type that should be charac- 
teristic of a recognized breed. 
The Scotch cattle were longer and not relatively so deep 
in the body as their competitors; a trifle longer in the 
leg; hardly so rugged, perhaps; straighter from the 
poll to tail-head ; possessed of large, square, level udders, 
whose front quarters were particularly well-developed, 
closely attached to the body, with teats ideally placed, 
but too often not only small in size but very short in 
length. It is stated by some authorities that a closely 
attached udder is very rarely found with long teats. 
Other characteristics of these Scotch Ayrshires were their 
heavy skins, broad upward-turned horns, and their color, 
which was white, with varying shades of red spots on 
the head and neck; frequently there were larger or 
smaller spots on the body, but, in most cases, at least, the 
white predominated. Furthermore, all of the cattle ex- 
hibited by the Canadians showed a uniformity of breed 
