3802 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
the middle of the under lip crosses over to the upper lip 
and extends up the sides of the nostrils. The horns are 
of medium size and length, well set, with black tips; face 
dishing, with a large, full eye, denoting energy and vigor. 
The tail is long, with heavy black switch. The hoofs 
and tongue are also 
black. The  hindlegs 
are straight, with thighs 
well cut out before and 
behind. The udder is 
large, extending well 
up in front and rear. 
The teats are large 
and well placed at the 
corners of the udder, 
with a beautifully 
formed escutcheon. The ribs are well sprung. The heart 
girth is large, pelvic arch high and hips broad. The short 
legs give the appearance of under weight, differing from 
other dairy breeds in that they have a stronger and more 
vigorous appearance (Figs. 51, 52). 
334. Uses of Brown Swiss cattle. — They are persistent 
milkers and usually produce large averages for the year, 
occasionally as high as 10,000 pounds of milk and 500 
pounds of butter-fat. The milk is adapted for condensing, 
and for butter and cheese production. They are reputed 
to produce more milk and butter-fat on rough feed than 
any of the other dairy breeds. The average per cent of 
butter-fat is 4.8. In 1891, the cow Brienz No. 168, at the 
age of twelve years, in a carefully supervised test at 
Chicago, made the very notable record of an average yield 
of 81.7 pounds of milk per day for three days, containing 
9.32 pounds of butter-fat. 
Fic. 52.— Brown Swiss cow. 
