CHAPTER X 
THE DUAL-PURPOSE BREEDS OF CATTLE 
Ir kept true to type, individuals representing this group 
of breeds are larger than dairy cows, have an ample, 
blocky form, approaching that of the beef steer, yet with 
an udder development superior to that found in any but 
dairy cows. 
Rep PoLttepD Carrie. Figs. 57, 58. 
By H. A. Martin 
353. Red Polled cattle are a dual-purpose breed, rank- 
ing very highly in both milk- and butter-production. 
354. History in England. — Hornless or polled cattle 
have existed in the county of Suffolk, England, from time 
immemorial. The probability seems to be that they 
were introduced soon after the Roman occupation. Bede 
says that the people who settled in eastern England after 
the Romans had gone, brought with them slaves, their 
cattle and all their live-stock. Certain it is the breed 
has existed in Suffolk as far back as we can trace the history. 
Of the Norfolk strain of the breed, H. F. Euren, in the 
account prepared for the herd-book, says: ‘‘ The files of 
the Norwich Mercury show that as early as the year 1778, 
there were whole dairies of polled cows in Norfolk.” In 
the advertisements of that and succeeding years, sales of 
313 
