422 THE BREEDS OF LIVE-STOCK 
their descendants were extensively crossed on the hogs 
then in the county, and the resulting type came to be 
known as the Warren county hog. The Big China was a 
medium-sized breed, of fine bone and good feeding quali- 
ties, and its use on the hogs of Warren county effected a 
marked improvement. It is also stated that subsequent 
to the introduction of the Big China, other China hogs of 
finer and smaller type were brought into the county. In 
1835 or 1836, Berkshires were introduced and extensively 
used, and about 1839 or 1840, the Irish Grazier was im- 
ported and used on these pigs of complicated breeding in 
Warren county. The Irish Grazier was a white breed of 
considerable merit and did its share toward modifying the 
Miami valley hogs. It was also said by some persons that a 
Poland breed was used for crossing on Warren county 
hogs, while others maintained that no such breed was ever 
introduced. An extended controversy ensued, which was 
finally ended by the findings of a committee that was 
appointed to investigate the origin of the breed, and which 
reported its findings to the National Swine Breeders’ Con- 
vention held in Indianapolis in 1872. This committee 
reported against the theory that a Poland breed had been 
used, but recommended that the name Poland-China be 
recognized as the accepted name of the breed. The 
recommendation was adopted, and since that time the 
breed, which previously had been known by a great 
variety of names, has been known as the Poland-China. 
It is said that since 1845 no outside blood has been infused 
into this breed. 
511. Description. — The Poland-China is a medium- 
sized hog, and, as commonly bred, is not so large as the 
large type of Berkshire; but the average Poland-China is 
well up to the average Berkshire in weight. The face is 
