26 



The Pines 



through CaHfomia to Lower CaHfomia, often forming pure forests and reaching 

 a maximum height of 70 meters, with a trunk diameter of 1.8 m.; southward it is 

 often reduced to a stragghng shrub. The leaves are 10 to 22 cm. long, stiffer and 

 more elastic than those of the Bull pine, very pungently aromatic and persist for 

 six to nine years. The cones are short-stalked, usually purpUsh, 12. 5 to 30 cm. 

 long, their scales terminated by a thick knob and a hooked prickle; seeds about 

 12 mm. long, their wings long and wide; cotyledons 7 to 11. The wood is coarser 

 and more resinous, hght yellow, its specific gravity is about 0.52; it is made into 

 lumber, and used for the manufacture of pitch. This tree, unhke its near rela- 

 tives, is said to do well in cultivation. 



Arizona Broadleaf pine, Pinus Mayriana Sudworth, Pinus latijolia Sargent, also 

 called Mayr pine, occurs in the mountains of southern Arizona, and apparently in 

 New Mexico, becoming 18 meters tall, with stout, usually crooked branches and 

 dark brown deeply furrowed bark. The leaves are longer and broader than those 

 of the Bull pine and not so densely tufted, usually in sheathed clusters of 

 3, about 35 cm. long and 2 mm. wide. The cones are more obhque, their scales 

 terminated by a slender nipple-Uke knob and a slender prickle. The wood is soft 

 and brittle, hght reddish to brown, less resinous, with a specific gravity of about 

 0.50. 



t8. ROCK PINE — Pinus scopulorum (Engelmann) Lemmon 



Pinus ponderosa scopulorum Engelmann 



A tree of the Rocky Mountains, from the Black hills of South Dakota to 

 Nebraska through Wyoming and Colorado, southeastern Utah to western Texas 



and Arizona, reaching a height of 37.5 meters, 

 with a trunk diameter of 1.2 m., but usually 

 about two thirds these dimensions or less. 



The branches are stout, forming an open 

 conic head, becoming in old age round-topped 

 and often picturesque. The bark is deeply fur- 

 rowed and nearly black or covered by brown- 

 red scaly plates. The twigs are rather stout, dull 

 brown to black, and much roughened by the 

 bases of the bud-scales. The leaves are in 

 sheathed fascicles of 2 or 3, hght green and 

 rather stout, 7.5 to 15 cm. long, stiff-pointed, 

 and persist for several years. The staminate 

 flowers are clustered, cyhndric, about 2.5 cm. 

 long. The cones are subterminal, nearly sessile, 

 ovoid-conic when closed, ovoid when open, 5 to 

 10 cm. long, their scales wide and thin, with keeled tips, terminated by a low 

 knob and slender recurved prickle, light yellowish brown on the exposed surfaces, 

 reddish brown on the unexposed portion. The cones in faUing leave some of 



Rock Pine. 



