Monterey Pine 41 



with several rows of stomata on all 3 faces, containing 2 to 5 small resin passages 

 and 2 fibrovascular bundles; they are thinly distributed over the twigs and per- 

 sist for at least two years. The staminate flowers are cylindric in spike-like clus- 

 ters, 18 mm. long, their anthers brownish orange colored. The pistillate flowers 

 are in clusters of 2 to 4, oblong, 12 mm. in diameter, their scales ovate, broad, 

 with slender upcurved tips. The cones are short-stalked, strongly reflexed, elon- 

 gated-conic, very oblique at the base, 7.5 to 13 cm. long, hght brown, remaining 

 closed and persist for many years before opening, often becoming imbedded in the 

 bark and usually all shedding their seed at one time, at the death of the tree. 

 The cone-scales are narrow, flat, enlarged into prominent, transversely ridged 

 knobs, armed with upcurved spines; those toward the apex and on the lower side 

 of the cone are thinner and only shghtly thickened, transversely ridged with a 

 small dark-colored knob and a small recurved spine or none. Seeds oblong- 

 oval, compressed, rather sharp-pointed, 6 mm. long and black, their wing 3 cm. 

 long, oblique, broadest at the middle, gradually tapering toward each end, light 

 brown, shining and longitudinally striped; cotyledons 6 to 8. 



The wood is soft, weak and brittle, coarse-grained, and light brown with 

 inconspicuous resin bands, but large conspicuous resin passages; its specific gravity 

 is about 0.35. It is sparingly used for cabinet work and for fuel. 



The region in which the trees grow is periodically fire-swept, the trees being 

 killed, and the seeds of a lifetime's production having retained their vitality during 

 their long imprisonment in the cones are Hberated and produce a dense growth 

 of vigorous seedlings which soon reclothe the region with a new forest covering. 



It is variously known as the Prickly cone pine. Snow line pine, Sandy slope 

 pine, Narrow cone pine, Tuberculated cone pine. 



30. MONTEREY PINE — Pinus radiata D. Don 



Pinus calijornica Loiseleur 



A coastal tree occurring on sand dunes and exposed sea cUffs extending very 

 little away frpm the sea in the vicinity of Monterey bay and on some of the islands 

 adjacent to the southern Cahfomia coast. Its maximum height is 30 meters, with 

 a trunk diameter of 1.8 m. 



The branches are thick and spreading, forming a somewhat irregular round- 

 topped tree. The bark is up to 5 cm. thick, deeply furrowed into broad flat ridges 

 and broken into close dark reddish brown plates. The twigs are slender, yellow, 

 often glaucous, roughened by the persistent bases of the bud-scales, gradually be- 

 coming dark reddish brown. The branch-buds are ovoid, sharp-pointed, some- 

 times 12 mm. long, the scales bright brown and fringed. The leaves are in brown- 

 sheathed fascicles of 3 or sometimes 2, bright green, slender, i to 1.5 dm. long, 

 I mm. thick, minutely toothed, short callous-pointed, stomata on all 3 faces, usually 

 containing but i resin-duct in the pulp and 2 fibrovascular bundles; they are 

 densely set on the twigs and persist for about three years. The staminate flowers 



