I20 



The Junipers 



round-topped, but when perfectly developed the lower branches become some- 

 what pendulous. The bark is shallowly split into narrow, flat ridges, covered with 

 long somewhat fibrous scales of a reddish brown or reddish gray color. The 

 twigs are slender, 4-sided, becoming round, the smooth bark becoming scaly after 

 the leaves fall away. The leaves are opposite, varying from dark green to pale 

 green and glaucous, closely appressed, sharp or taper-pointed, entire on the mar- 

 gin, rounded and faintly or distinctly glandular on the back. The staminate 

 flowers are oblong, about 2 rmn. long, consisting of 8 to 10 stamens, with entire 

 coimectives broader than long. The pistillate flowers have few sharp or taper- 

 pointed, widely-spreading 

 scales. The fruit ripens in 

 the autumn of the second 

 season, is globose, 6 to 8 

 mm. in diameter, smooth 

 or slightly marked by the 

 tips of the scales, bright 

 blue with a whitish bloom; 

 the flesh is sweet and resi- 

 nous; seeds one or mostly 2, 

 ovoid, about 4 mm. long, 

 sharp-pointed, conspicu- 

 ously angled, brown and 

 shining. The wood is 

 similar to that of the 

 Northern red cedar, but 

 much less valuable. 



The Shrubby red ce- 

 dar, Juniperus prostrata 

 Alton, is a depressed shrub 

 Fig. 94. -Rocky Mountain Red Cedar. seldom more than I meter 



high with foliage much hke that of the Northern red cedar, from which it can 

 readily be distinguished, however, by its light blue fruit, 8 to 10 mm. in diame- 

 ter, borne on recurved branchlets 4 to 6 mm. long. It grows on banks from 

 Nova Scotia to northern New York, Montana and British Columbia, and has 

 been confused with the European Juniperus Sahina Linnaeus. 



The Bermuda red cedar, Juniperus bermudiana Linnaeus, is a characteristic 

 tree of the Bermuda islands and is endemic there. It grows on hillsides and 

 along the borders of marshes and attains a great size when very old. It has 

 shreddy bark, dark red wood, widely-spreading branches, and the trunk is 

 sometimes 2 meters in diameter. The contrast between its dark green foliage 

 and the whitewashed houses of Bermuda is very striking. Its leaves are 

 4-ranked, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, grooved on the back, about 

 3 mm. long and closely appressed, forming a sharply 4-angled twig; they are 



