478 



The Thorn Trees 



forming a wide, irregular crown; the bark is light gray, scaly; the twigs are red- 

 brown, with numerous curved spines from 3 to 5 cm. long. 



The leaves are elliptic-ovate, 4 to 8 cm. long, 3 to 7 cm. wide, pointed or 



abruptly long-pointed at the apex, ab- 

 ruptly wedge-shaped or rounded at the 

 base, doubly toothed and lobed above, 

 thin, yellow-green, slightly hairy above 

 when yoimg, becoming rough, smooth 

 beneath; leaf-stalks slightly winged, 2 

 to 4 cm. long. The flowers are about 

 15 mm. wide, in many-flowered, hairy 

 corymbs; calyx-tube long-hairy below, 

 the lobes smooth on the under surface, 

 long-hairy on the upper surface, glan- 

 dular-toothed, with small teeth; sta- 

 mens 7 to 10; anthers small, dark rose; 

 styles 2 or 3. The fruit ripens about 

 Fig. 435. — Rough-leaved Thorn. j^g middle of October; it is subglobose 



to short-oblong, about 15 mm. thick, scarlet; its calyx-lobes are erect or incurved; 

 flesh thick, yellow; pedicels hairy; it contains 2 or 3 nutlets 7 to 8 mm. long, 

 with strongly ridged backs, and with shallow longitudinal pits on the inner face, 

 the nest of nutlets 7 to 8 mm. thick. 



46. BRAINERD'S THORN — CrataegM Braineidi Sargent 



Cratcegus Schuettei Ashe. Cratmgns ForbescB Sargent 



Brainerd's thorn is common in western New England and ranges south to 

 Pennsylvania and west to northern Illinois 

 and Wisconsin. It is commonly a roimd- 

 topped shrub, but often a tree 6 meters 

 high, with ascending branches; the scaly 

 bark is gray-brown, the twigs reddish 

 broA/vn, smooth, and armed with chestnut- 

 brown spines from 3 to 6 cm. long. 



The leaves are ovate, 3 to 9 cm. long, 

 2 to 6 cm. wide, broadly wedge-shaped at 

 the base, pointed at the apex, doubly 

 toothed, with 4 to 6 pairs of short-pointed 

 lobes, slightly hairy on the upper surface 

 when young, rather thin, bright green 

 above, paler beneath; the leaf-stalks are 

 slightly winged above, i to 2 cm. long. 

 The flowers are about 2 cm. broad, in many-flowered, smooth corymbs; calyx- 



FlG. 436. — Brainerd's Thorn. 



