THE APPLE. 193 



University (Duchess No. 103).— Origiiiati'.l abdut 1RS2 from seed 

 of Duchess by C. (1. I'attcii, Charles Cit\-, Iowa. 



Fruit hirge, ohhite, very rcsuhir; surface a ch'ai' yehow with 

 orange yellow on sunny sitle; tlots minute, « liite, some iljstinct russet 

 dots with white bases; cavity wiile, deep, obtuse, regular; stem 

 .short to medium; basin very wide and shallow, with irregular [iromi- 

 nences around the eye; calyx ojien; segments flat convergent. Core 

 partially open, clasping; cells round, widelv slit; tube funnel-shajied ; 

 stamens marginal; seeds not man)-, plump; Hesli yellow with some 

 yellow vcinings, pleasant subacitl, very good. Late fall. 



Utter {Utter Red). — Origin, Wisconsin. Much grown in Wisconsin 

 and other parts of the West. The fruit is remarkable for the 

 decided variation shown in specimens from different parts of tlic 

 tree. Some exhibitors at fruit displays sometimes take advantage 

 of this fact to increase their number of " varieties." 



Fruit above medium to large, the typical form is roundish oblate 

 (sometimes roundish, somewhat elongated, angular, and flattened at 

 ends); surface yellow, splashed, mottled, striped, and mudi dotted 

 with light red (from interior of tree sometimes only a clear waxen 

 jiale yellow) ; dots white, minute, many, a Sew small russet dots; cav- 

 ity regular, dee|i, usually with trace of russet; stem medium; basin 

 rather shallow, wavy, or ribljed; calyx closed; segments vei'v small, 

 divergent. Core open or closed, clasping; cells oljovate, slit; tube 

 funnel-shaped; stamens median; seeds not many, very large and 

 plimip; fiesli white, fine-grained, tender, juicy, mild, pleasant sub- 

 acid, g(jod. Xovemlier, December. 



Vandevere. — An old variety, originated at Wilmington, Delaware; 

 distinct from ^'andevere Pi])pin grown at the West. 



Fruit medium, oblate; surface -wa.xen yellow, striped with I'ed ; 

 dots numerous, gr(>en; cavity deep; stem about one inch long; 

 basin round, moderate; calyx small, closed; flesli yellowish, com- 

 pact, but tender, with a fine, rich, subacid Havor, good, valuable 

 for culinary use. October to .January. 



Vandevere Pippin. — Origin unknown, supposed to have been 

 Pennsylvania, but this is not well estaljlished; popular in parts of the 

 West; tree very vigorous, large, spreading; abundant annua! liearer. 

 Fruit large to very large, oUate, remotely conic, regular; sui-face 

 yellowish green, stri])ed, marbled, and blotched with red, with liright 

 red stripes on sunn}' side; dots lai'ge, rough, yellow and brown russet, 



