216 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY. 



Sweet Russet, Gideon's No. 6, Brier Sweet. Promising for trial: 

 Dartt, Pride of Minneapolis, Crampton's No. 3, Lyman's Prolific, 

 Faribault. 



The Northwestern market demands mainly bright red-colored 

 varieties; for preserves the size must not be too large. For profit 

 the trees must not be too subject to blight. 



In recent years, in Iowa, attention has Ijeen drawn to large-friiited 

 forms of the native crab as found at the West. So far the list of 

 cultivated varieties includes Soulard, Kentucky Mammoth, Mercer 

 and Howard, with some local sorts not j'et generally introduced. 



True long-winter-keeping quality has not been secured as a result 

 of hybridization of tlie common apple with the Siberian crabs, and it 

 is to be hoped that it will be obtained from these native American 

 crabs. These native crabs all easily keep "till apples come again, " 

 and ^^-ere formerly cached or buried in the earth for winter preserva- 

 tion by the Indians. At the present stage of development they will 

 serve only for culinary purposes as a substitute for the cjuince. It is 

 possible that tlie future winter apples of the Northwest will contain 

 an infusion of the native crab of the !\Iississippi valley. 



From the ornamental standpoint both the Siberian and native 

 crabs have considerahle value. The Siberian crabs as a class arc 

 much hardier, and will live and bear fruit much farther Northwest 

 than the native crabs. 



Ball Wixlcr (BnlFs Winter). — Origin, town of Sutton, province of 

 Quebec, Canada. Tree a thrifty grower, with spreading head; an 

 annual bearer. A very good market crab. 



Fruit sliglitly below medium, ovate; surface greenisli white, 

 with yellow blush on sunny side; flesh crisp, spicy, rich, acid, good 

 to very good. November to .lanuary. 



Beach {Bcncli^ Sired). — Of American origin. 



Fruit large, roundish, somewhat conical, regular, j'cllow, mostl) 

 covered with bright red, thinly overlaid with gray; cavitj- regular, 

 obtuse, much russeted ; stem medium to long; basin regular, sliglitly 

 wrinkled; caly.x dosed: segment^ erect convergent. Core clo^'cd; 

 cells obovate, slit; tube conical; stamens median; flesh white, 

 moderately juicy, very pleasant, sweet, good. September, October. 



Brier (Brier Sireel). — Originated with B. H. Brier, Baraboo, 

 Wisconsin; is th(> result of a fertilization of the Siberian crab with 

 the Bailey Sieeet apple. Tree hardy, vigorous, and productive. 



